Practice Questions

Question 1

Which type of data are appropriate for the DV in a paired samples t test?

Answer 1

Interval or ratio

Question 2

Which test should be used to investigate the relationship between two dichotomous variables when data are paired?

Answer 2

McNemar test

Question 3

Give an example of what a McNemar test could be used for

Answer 3

To examine the change in active travel prevalence in a group of commuters from winter to summer

Question 4

Can paired categorical data be examined using a chi squared test?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

When conducting a chi squared test, how many degrees of freedom are there in a 3x6 contingency table?

Answer 5

10

Question 6

What is a type 1 error?

Answer 6

A statistical decision making error in which the null hypothesis is rejected even though it is true

Question 7

One hundred students were tested on their anxiety before and after a counselling session. Scores were drawn from a normally distributed population. Which test is most appropriate to analyse these data?

Answer 7

Paired samples t test

Question 8

A researcher wants to compare sprint time of 30 rugby players and 30 basketball players. Performances were ranked with the best as one, second best as two etc. Which statistical test should be used to analyse these data?

Answer 8

Mann Whitney U test

Question 9

Assuming data are ratio and normally distributed, which test would be used to compare means between two different groups?

Answer 9

Independent samples t test

Question 10

What does the v in ANOVA refer to?

Answer 10

Variance

Question 11

What is the f value equal to?

Answer 11

Between groups variance / within groups variances

Question 12

What may experimental errors arise from?

Answer 12

Varying external conditions
State of the participant
Ability to measure response of subjects correctly

Question 13

What are the assumptions required to use ANOVA?

Answer 13

Data drawn from a population that is normally distributed

There is homogeneity of variance

The DV consists of data measured at interval or ratio level

Question 14

Give two sources of between group variance

Answer 14

Treatment effects

Individual differences

Question 15

Which type of error might you encounter if you were to compare the means of three or more groups using a t test the rather than ANOVA?

Answer 15

Type 1

Question 16

What does ANOVA allow?

Answer 16

Compare the means across three or more groups

Examines effect of IV rather than an effect of individual difference

Allows you to investigate the effect of multiple factors on your DV at the same time

Question 17

What can within group variation arise from?

Answer 17

Individual differences

Within group variance

Random errors

Question 18

What are factors also known as?

Answer 18

Independent variables

Question 19

What is meant by partioning the variance?

Answer 19

The comparison of variance due to nuisance factors (error variance, individual differences) compared to variance due to our experimental manipulation

Question 20

What can we say if the variance between conditions is larger than the variance within conditions?

Answer 20

Our IV is having a larger effect on scores than the individual differences are

Question 21

What are the degrees of freedom in a simple bivariate correlation?

Answer 21

n-2

Question 22

In the linear regression equation Y’ = a + b (x) what is a?

Answer 22

Both A and C

Question 23

What do the scores firm in heteroscedasticity?

Answer 23

A funnel shape

Question 24

What are assumptions for linear regression?

Answer 24

Random sampling
Error distribution normally distributed
A linear association between the IV and DV

Question 25

For simple linear regression, the regression line will pass through what?

Answer 25

The intercept
The mean of the IV
The mean of the DV