Practice Exams Flashcards
The process associated with DNA polymerase is:
A) Mitosis B) Transcription C) Translation D) Meiosis II E) All of the above
A) Mitosis
Molecule required for meiosis I and mitosis:
A) DNA polymerase B) DNA template C) Helicase D) Free Nucleotides E) All of the above
E) All of the above
This molecule is NOT required to make a polypeptide:
A) rRNA B) Helicase C) mRNA D) tRNA E) all are required to make a polypeptide
B) Helicase
You need this molecule to make microRNA:
A) DNA polymerase B) RNA polymerase C) Ribosomes D) tRNA E) mRNA
B) RNA polymerase
RNA polymerase is not required for which of the following:
A) microRNA B) tRNA C) DNA D) mRNA E) all require RNA polymerase
C) DNA
The process regulated by microRNA is:
A) translation B) transcription C) Transpiration D) meiosis II E) all of the above
A) translation
Which of the following is needed to perform PCR (may be more than one)?
A) Free Nucleotides B) DNA polymerase 40s C) DNA polymerase D) RNA polymerase I E) TFIIB
A) Free nucleotides
C) DNA polymerase
The process interrupted by siRNA is:
A) mitosis B) transcription C) translation D) meiosis II E) all of the above
C) translation
The process associated with RNA polymerase is:
A) meiosis B) transcription C) translation D) meiosis II E) transpiration
B) transcription
The process associated with ribosomes is:
A) meiosis I B) mRNA editing C) translation D) meiosis II E) All of the above
C) translation
What could cause all transcription to stop in a prokaryote?
A) The sole RNA polymerase gene has mutated B) Uracil DNA is not available C) The nucleus is closed D) All of the above
A) The sole RNA polymerase gene has mutated
Commonly used name for a PCR machine:
A) DNA Doubler
B) Mullis-Microwave
C) Taq cycler
D) Thermal Cycler
D) Thermal Cycler
Which process does not require complementary base pairing?
A) DNA replication B) siRNA regulation C) Transcription D) Translation E) All require complementary base pairing
E) All require complementary base pairing
You have detected a 10-fold decrease in siRNA production in human cancer cells vs a control.
What could this mean?
A) Overall DNA production has increased in the cancer subject
B) A group of cellular control genes are being silenced
C) A specific cellular control gene is no longer being silenced
D) The cellular mechanisms controlling rRNA production may have been damaged
E) DNA polymerase is being controlled by the siRNA
C) A specific cellular control gene is no longer being silenced
You have performed an extraction of a eukaryote cells’ RNA - you discover that there are no mRNA molecules - what is the most likely cause of this?
A) All of the rRNA genes have become mutated
B) All of the siRNA genes have become mutated
C) The RNA polymerase I genes have been inactivated
D) The RNA polymerase II genes have been inactivated
E) The RNA polymerase III genes have been inactivated
D) The RNA polymerase II genes have been inactivated
You have performed a test on a patient and found that the mRNA of a suspect gene in the pathway has a normal transcription level; Which of the following could be the cause of the disease?
A) siRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production
B) microRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production
C) The suspect gene mRNA encodes a defective poplypeptide
D) Either A or B
E) All of the above
E) All of the above
Incorporation of amino acids into a growing polypeptide has stopped, which one of the following molecules is most likely lacking in the cell?
A) siRNA B) ribosome C) DNA polymerase D) charged tRNA E) rRNA
D) charged tRNA
Which of these Hardy-Weinberg assumptions has changed the most in Humans over the past 300 years?
A) Mitigation B) Natural Selection C) Genetic Drag D) Mutation E) All have changed extensively
B) Natural Selection
Which of the following represents the best possible (not likely to be random)
“e” value from a BLAST result?
A) 0.15 B) 6.1 C) 100.0 D) 7e-150 E) 6e-24
D) 7e-150
You notice a missing chromosome in a patients karyotype - which of these conditions is caused by monosomy?
A) Patau Syndrome B) Edwards Syndrome C) Huntingtons Disease D) Parkinsons Disease E) None of the Above
E) None of the Above
In the scientific method, once you have proposed a testable hypothesis, what is the next step?
A) Perform the experiment, collecting data
B) Reformulate hypothesis; re-test as necessary
C) Propose a testable hypothesis (solution)
D) Design a controlled experiment
E) Interpret the data, compare to expected results
D) Design a controlled experiment
In a diploid cell, mitosis leads to:
A) Four haploid gametes B) four daughter cells C) two daughter cells D) One diploid daughter cell and two haploid gametes E) Three haploid gametes
C) two daughter cells
You have read a report that indicates your genome of interest has a 40% G/C content. What is the percent of the genome that is Guanine?
A) 60% B) 20% C) 35% D) 30% E) 40%
B) 20%
The temperature required to separate two complementary strands of the same DNA molecule is affected by which of the following factors?
A) The direction of the strand B) The A/C content of the strand C) The availability of DNA helicase D) The G/C content of the strand E) The availability of DNA Polymerase
D) The G/C content of the strand
You wish to study a previously undiscovered organism. Which data would give you a quick overview of what the organism transcribes to compare with other, known organisms?
A) rRNA sequencing B) tRNA sequencing C) cDNA sequencing D) Sanger DNA genomic sequencing E) All of the above
C) cDNA sequencing
The following is an mRNA sequence. What was the CODING sequence? 5’- AUCCAAAACGUUGA - 3’
A) 5’- ATCCAAAACGTTGA - 3’ B) 5’- TACCTTTTGCAACT - 3’ C) 3’- TACCTTTTGCAACT - 5’ D) 5’- AGTTGCAAAAGGTA - 3’ E) The sequence is not listed in A-D
A) 5’- ATCCAAAACGTTGA - 3’
In this micro-array experiment, red labeling was used for cells resistant to ebola and green for susceptible to ebola. Using x-y coordinates, answer the following, being careful to give answers that you are SURE of:
Which genes are up-regulated in the susceptible cells after exposure to ebola (the answer may not include all genes up- or down-regulated)?
A) a2, j3, f6 B) a6, b1, g2 C) 3, I5, k6 D) k3, e2, c5 E) None of the above
B) a6, b1, g2
Given the following DNA coding sequence 5’ - CGATGATGCCTCATTGT - 3’, what is the resulting polypeptide in single letter annotation (beginning from the start codon only)?
A) 5'-RSFLI... -3' B) 5'-MIPHC...-3' C) 5'-GCTACTAAGGAGTAACA-3' D) 5'-MMPHC...-3' E) None of the above
D) 5’-MMPHC…-3’
Which of the following are required for a population to be in genetic equilibrium?
A) No Mutation B) Survival of the fastest C) No Natural Selection D) Mitigation E) Sufficient Population size (aka no genetic drift) F) Random Mating G) Artificial Selection H) No Migration
A) No Mutation C) No Natural Selection E) Sufficient Population size (aka no genetic drift) F) Random Mating H) No Migration
You are studying a new organism. You notice that there are more unique polypeptides than genes - what could be the reason for this? A) Codon Bias B) microRNA C) siRNA D) Alternative splicing E) All of the above
D) Alternative splicing
What would SUPPORT the findings of Zhang et als.’ BMC paper above?
A) Discovering that the authors perform both laparotomy and laparoscopy surgeries
B) Discovering that the project was paid for by a company that supplies laparoscopic surgery kits
C) A second paper that uses the third version the CMA program (CMA-3) showing the same general trend
D) Finding out that the authors are from America
E) None of the above
C) A second paper that uses the third version the CMA program (CMA-3) showing the same general trend
Which of the following is more closely related to mRNA?
A) ribosomal RNA B) Expressed Sequence Tag C) consensus DNA D) Amino Acids E) None of the above
B) Expressed Sequence Tag
Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth, which core concept of Genetics is vital to understanding what causes this condition?
A) The Central Dogma B) Transmission Genetics C) The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium D) Mendelian Genetics E) All of the above
A) The Central Dogma
You have a child. This child’s fingers are longer than you or your spouse/other biological parent. What is the likely reason?
A) Heterosis B) complete dominance C) Massive Mendelian Inheritance D) Smart chromosome Trisomy E) None of the Above
A) Heterosis
You are treating a family that has Huntingtons disease. You obtain sequence from the HTT gene for each affected family member and notice that the younger members of the family are presenting the disease earlier than their older relatives. What repeat-based phenomenon could explain this?
A) Mono-genic inheritance B) Anticipation C) Defective (Recessive) allele D) An induced transcription factor E) Trisomy
B) Anticipation
More males are affected by a disease with this inheritance pattern:
A) Autosomal Dominant B) X-Linked Recessive C) X-Linked Dominant D) Homozygous Lethal E) None of the above
B) X-Linked Recessive
Assuming HOMOZYGOUS PARENTS - Which of the following suspects could be brothers or sisters to the victim? BE VERY CAREFUL!
Use the following autosomal SSR marker data generated between several suspects, a victim and the crime scene to answer the question.
A) Suspect 3 and Suspect 6 B) Suspect 6 C) Suspect 7 and Suspect 5 D) All could be brothers or sisters E) None can be related
B) Suspect 6
