Chapter 5 Bioinformatics and Genomics

Question 1

Commonly used name for a PCR machine:

A) DNA Doubler
B) Mullis-Microwave
C) Taq cycler
D) Thermal Cycler

Answer 1

D) Thermal Cycler

Question 2

You have detected a 10-fold decrease in siRNA production in human cancer cells vs a control.
What could this mean?

A) Overall DNA production has increased in the cancer subject
B) A group of cellular control genes are being silenced
C) A specific cellular control gene is no longer being silenced
D) The cellular mechanisms controlling rRNA production may have been damaged
E) DNA polymerase is being controlled by the siRNA

Answer 2

C) A specific cellular control gene is no longer being silenced

Question 3

You have performed a test on a patient and found that the mRNA of a suspect gene in the pathway has a normal transcription level; Which of the following could be the cause of the disease?

A) siRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production
B) microRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production
C) The suspect gene mRNA encodes a defective poplypeptide
D) Either A or B
E) All of the above

Answer 3

E) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following represents the best possible (not likely to be random)
“e” value from a BLAST result?

A) 0.15
B) 6.1
C) 100.0
D) 7e-150
E) 6e-24

Answer 4

D) 7e-150

Question 5

You wish to study a previously undiscovered organism. Which data would give you a quick overview of what the organism transcribes to compare with other, known organisms?

A) rRNA sequencing
B) tRNA sequencing
C) cDNA sequencing
D) Sanger DNA genomic sequencing
E) All of the above

Answer 5

C) cDNA sequencing

Question 6

In this micro-array experiment, red labeling was used for cells resistant to ebola and green for susceptible to ebola. Using x-y coordinates, answer the following, being careful to give answers that you are SURE of:
Which genes are up-regulated in the susceptible cells after exposure to ebola (the answer may not include all genes up- or down-regulated)?

A) a2, j3, f6
B) a6, b1, g2
C) j3, I5, k6
D) k3, e2, c5
E) None of the above

Answer 6

B) a6, b1, g2

Question 7

You are studying a new organism. You notice that there are more unique polypeptides than genes - what could be the reason for this?

A) Codon Bias
B) microRNA
C) siRNA
D) Alternative splicing
E) All of the above

Answer 7

D) Alternative splicing

Question 8

True or False?

Housekeeping genes are differentially expressed

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Which of the following is more closely related to mRNA?

A) ribosomal RNA
B) Expressed Sequence Tag
C) consensus DNA
D) Amino Acids
E) None of the above

Answer 9

B) Expressed Sequence Tag

Question 10

What is the phenotype that Liu et al. are studying?

A) Differentially expressed genes
B) Heart Arrythmia
C) Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR)
D) Atrial fibrillation in Humans
E) None of the above

Answer 10

A) Differentially expressed genes
B) Heart Arrythmia
D) Atrial fibrillation in Humans

Question 11

The temperature required to separate two complementary strands of the same DNA molecule is affected by which of the following factors?

A) The direction of the strand
B) The A/C content of the strand
C) The availability of DNA helicase
D) The G/C content of the strand
E) The availability of DNA Polymerase

Answer 11

D) The G/C content of the strand

Question 12

RNA polymerase is not required to make which of the following?

A) microRNA
B) tRNA
C) DNA
D) mRNA
E) All require RNA polymerase

Answer 12

C) DNA