Practice Exam 5

Question 0

What is the normal function of the urinary bladder?

Answer 0

Temporarily store urine

Question 1

What is the source of the nitrogen-containing waste products that are excreted by the urinary system?

Answer 1

Metabolic processes

Question 2

The ureter connects which part of the kidney to the bladder?

Answer 2

Renal pelvis

Question 3

What is the “little ball”of capillaries that make up half of the renal corpuscle of a nephron?

Answer 3

Glomerulus

Question 4

The kidneys help maintain pH balance by?

Answer 4

Excreting or conserving hydrogen ions and expecting and conserving bicarbonate ions

Question 5

How are the kidneys related to red blood cell production?

Answer 5

Erythropoietin is released by the kidneys

Question 6

What best describes the process whereby blood pressure forces water and other dissolved substances from the blood into the glomerular capsule?

Answer 6

Glomerular filtration

Question 7

During the process of urine formation, what best describes the removal of substances such as glucose and amino acids from the filtrate in the renal tubule?

Answer 7

Tubular reabsorption

Question 8

During which of the following processes would “unwanted” substances that did not get filtered from the blood and significant quantities originally (such as drugs and nitrogen containing waste) enter the filtrate?

Answer 8

Tubular secretion

Question 9

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for water conservation in the nephron loop in collecting duct as they pass through the renal medulla?

Answer 9

High concentration of solutes(such as NaCl and urea) in the medulla that osmotically draws water out of the urine

Question 10

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) does what?

Answer 10

Changes the water permeability of the collecting ducts

Question 11

What structure in the nephron is responsible for monitoring and regulating blood pressure?

Answer 11

Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)

Question 12

Build up of nitrogenous waste in the blood.
Low red blood count and anemia.
Low blood pressure.
Blood acidosis… Are all symptoms of?

Answer 12

Serious kidney problems

Question 13

In adults, urination is controlled by?

Answer 13

Both involuntary and voluntary actions

Question 14

Why are women more susceptible to urinary tract infections than men?

Answer 14

The urethra is shorter in women

Question 15

What is the primary make sex hormone?

Answer 15

Testosterone

Question 16

The diploid cell formed immediately following fertilization is called the?

Answer 16

Zygote

Question 17

Where are sperm stored and allowed to mature?

Answer 17

Epididymis

Question 18

Which organ is common to the reproductive system and urinary system in men?

Answer 18

Urethra

Question 19

Which structures produce most of the semen released in an ejaculation?

Answer 19

Seminal vesicles

Question 20

Which gland secretes a small amount of fluid just prior to ejaculation to decrease acidity in the urethra caused by urine?

Answer 20

Bulbourethral

Question 21

During Spermatogenesis, a spermatid develops into a ?

Answer 21

Spermatozoan

Question 22

Normally, where is the fertilization most likely to occur?

Answer 22

Oviduct

Question 23

What is connected to both the oviducts and the vagina?

Answer 23

The uterus

Question 24

What hormone stimulates testosterone production in males and causes the formation of the corpus luteum (as well as triggers ovulation) in females?

Answer 24

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 25

When do the ovaries have the most follicles?

Answer 25

Before birth

Question 26

When does ovulation occur?

Answer 26

About the middle of the uterine cycle

Question 27

What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization and pregnancy do not occur?

Answer 27

It degenerates

Question 28

What is the purpose of the endometrium?

Answer 28

Provide a suitable site for implantation of the embryo

Question 29

The endocrine system coordinates body activities and maintains homeostasis through?

Answer 29

Chemical messengers called hormones

Question 30

Endocrine glands secrete their products into?

Answer 30

The bloodstream

Question 31

The posterior pituitary and the hypothalamus are functionally connected by what?

Answer 31

Neurons

Question 32

Someone with dwarfism resulting from too little growth hormone produced during childhood most likely has an abnormality in the?

Answer 32

Pituitary gland

Question 33

What amplifies the autonomic nervous systems sympathetic "fight or flight" response during short term bouts of extreme stress?

Answer 33

Epinephrine

Question 34

During menopause a women's ovaries decrease their production of estrogen. Which other gland also secrets estrogen and might pick up the slack?

Answer 34

Adrenal gland

Question 35

Late in the afternoon, especially if breakfast and/or lunch were skipped, blood glucose levels fall. This situation would stimulate the secretion of which hormone?

Answer 35

Glucagon

Question 36

What is a function of the muscular system?

Answer 36

Produce skeletal movement

Question 37

What are the properties is the muscle tissue?

Answer 37

Contractility Excitability Extensibility Elasticity

Question 38

Muscles are usually attached to bones by?

Answer 38

Tendons

Question 39

The short, individual, functional contractile units of skeletal muscle are?

Answer 39

Sarcomeres

Question 40

The sliding filament model of skeletal muscle contraction specifically refers to?

Answer 40

Actin and myosin filaments sliding past each other but not shortening themselves

Question 41

``` Which is the smallest? Myofilament Myofibril Muscle fiber Whole muscle Myosin head ```

Answer 41

Myosin head

Question 42

What role do calcium ions play in the contraction of skeletal muscle?

Answer 42

Exposing the actin myosin binding sites on actin

Question 43

A motor unit is?

Answer 43

One motor neuron and all of the muscle cells that it stimulates

Question 44

What is the energy source for the 6 seconds or so of maximum intensity miss contraction ?

Answer 44

Stored ATP

Question 45

Which of the following are more powerful but fatigue quickly? Fast twitch muscle fibers Slow twitch miss fibers

Answer 45

Fast twitch muscle fibers