Ch 16 The Urinary System

Question 0

The urinary system consists?

Answer 0

The kidneys, plus some tubes and a bladder for urine transport, storage and elimination

Question 1

What is the fundamental purpose of the urinary system?

Answer 1

Maintain blood homeostasis

Question 2

Excretory means?

Answer 2

Waste removing

Question 3

What are the 3 Functions of the urinary system?

Answer 3

1. Excretion
2. Regulation of volume, pressure and composition of blood
3. Conversion of vitamin D to its active form

Question 4

Elimination of nitrogen-containing metabolic wastes such as urea, uric acid, and ammonia

Answer 4

Excretion

Question 5

What produces urine, conserves water, regulated pH, stimulates production of red blood cells and transforms vitamin D into active form?

Answer 5

Kidney

Question 6

What transports urine from kidneys to bladder?

Answer 6

Ureter

Question 7

Where is the urine stored?

Answer 7

Urinary bladder

Question 8

Transports urine from urinary bladder to outside the body?

Answer 8

Urethra

Question 9

Microscopic functional units of the Kidney that make urine?

Answer 9

Nephrons

Question 10

How many nephrons are there per kidney?

Answer 10

1-2 million

Question 11

What are the specific functions of nephrons?

Answer 11

1. Filtration
2. Reabsorption
3. Secretion

Question 12

The production of “pre-urine” from blood plasma?

Answer 12

Filtration

Question 13

The selective removal of “wanted” substances ( like glucose and amino acids) from the filtrate

Answer 13

Reabsorption

Question 14

“Unwanted” substances that did not get filtered from the blood in significant quantities originally are selectively added to the filtrate during ?

Answer 14

Secretion

Question 15

What initiated a chain reaction that ultimately increases BP and blood flow to the kidney

Answer 15

Renin

Question 16

Increases permeability to water of collecting ducts, resulting in more water moving from filtrate to blood. Increases BP

Answer 16

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 17

Increases reabsorption of Na by distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, resulting In more water following Na as it moves from filtrate to blood

Answer 17

Aldosterone

Question 18

Decreases reabsorption of Na by distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, resulting in more Na and water remaining in filtrate. Decreases BP

Answer 18

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 19

What prompts an increase in the permeability to water of distal convoluted tubules and collection ducts of nephrons

Answer 19

ADH

Question 20

Urine travels toward the bladder with help from gravity and peristalsis, through?

Answer 20

Ureters

Question 21

Whats muscular and stretchable?

Answer 21

Urinary bladder

Question 22

What is the outflow controlled by in the urethra?

Answer 22

Internal urethral sphincter
And
External urethral sphincter

Question 23

What is involuntarily controlled?

Answer 23

Internal urethral sphincter

Question 24

What is voluntary controlled?

Answer 24

External urethral sphincter

Question 25

What is the treatment for renal failure?

Answer 25

Hemodialysis

Question 26

Nephron releases the enzyme renin in response to the detection of low BP and blood flow to the kidney

Answer 26

JGA

Question 27

What initiates a chain reaction that ultimately brings up the BP and blood flow to the kidney?

Answer 27

Renine

Question 28

Solute concentration of filtrate increase as water leaves.... Through?

Answer 28

Descending limb of the loop of Henle

Question 29

Solute concentration of the filtrate decreases as NaCl leaves, through ?

Answer 29

Acsending limb loop of Henle

Question 30

Water leaves the filtrate due to high NaCl and urea in the medulla. Resulting in concentrated urine and conservation of water...

Answer 30

Collecting duct