Practice Exam 5 Flashcards
With respect to the pull of the cable in which direction should hardware be installed
a) it does not matter
b) diagonally
c) perpendicularly
d) along the same line
d) along the same line
What is the recommended minimum bend ratio for a pulley used as part of a blocked system in rigging
a) 1:1
b) 2:1
c) 3:1
d) 4:1
d) 4:1
Hardiness is the tree’s ability to withstand extremely _____ temperatures.
a) moderate
b) temperate
c) hot or cold
d) variable
c) hot or cold
Which of the following trees is ring porous?
a) magnolia
b) birch
c) elm
d) beech
c) elm
On which type of tree is brown rot most likely to be found?
a) conifer
b) palm
c) deciduous
d) fallen
a) conifer
Plants that are specially adapted to dry conditions are called
a) halophytes
b) hydrophytes
c) mesophytes
d) xerophytes
d) xerophytes
Approximately how long should the hinge be when felling a tree?
a) 80 percent of the diameter of the tree
b) 25 percent of the diameter of the tree
c) 25 percent of the height of the tree
d) 10 percent of the height of the tree
a) 80 percent of the diameter of the tree
Which of the following trees should not be treated with fertilizer implants or injections?
a) a tree that has never been treated in this manner before
b) a tree that has been living in drought conditions
c) a tree suffering from a micronutrient deficiency
d) a tree that has not responded to traditional fertilizer application methods
b) a tree that has been living in drought conditions
What is the formula for counting degree days?
a) divide the threshold value by the daily average temperature
b) divide the daily average temperature by the threshold value
c) subtract the threshold value from the daily average temperature
d) subtract the daily average temperature from the threshold value
c) subtract the threshold value from the daily average temperature
How does Dutch elm disease spread?
a) fungi
b) insects
c) wind
d) root graft
d) root graft
Which of the following methods of starting a chainsaw is NOT recommended?
a) On the ground
b) leglock method
c) drop starting
d) all of these are recommended
c) drop starting
When applying fertilizer with the drill-hole method how far away from the trunk should the concentric rings of holes extend?
a) at least to the drip line
b) no farther than the drip line
c) one foot from the root crown
d) five feet from the root crown
a) at least to the drip line
Which of the following is a synthetic organic fertilizer?
a) peat
b) urea formaldehyde
c) fish hydrolysates
d) bloodmeal
b) urea formaldehyde
For which of the following tasks with a loose-weave, hollow-braid, polyester 12-strand rope be appropriate?
a) Rigging slings
b) climbing
c) rigging
d) this rope would not be appropriate for any of these tasks
a) Rigging slings
Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of a pest, as defined in the integrated pest management system?
a) requires intervention
b) competes with good plants for resources
c) decreases the appearance of the landscape
d) decreases the safety of the landscape
a) requires intervention
How is the working-load-limit of a rope calculated?
a) tensile strength multiplied by design factor
b) cycles to failure multiplied by design factor
c) tensile strength divided by cycles to failure
d) tensile strength divided by design factor
d) tensile strength divided by design factor
Which type of nursery stock is least susceptible to girdling roots upon planting?
a) balled and burlapped
b) bare root
c) containerized
d) container grown
b) bare root
In a small tree, approximately how much vertical space should there be between scaffold branches?
a) 6 inches
b) 1 foot
c) 2 feet
d) 3 feet
b) 1 foot
What material is recommended for the connecting links used in rigging?
a) Steel
b) titanium
c) aluminum
d) carbon alloy
a) Steel
According to Alex Shigo’s model, which wall is not part of the reaction zone?
a) wall 1
b) wall 2
c) wall 3
d) wall 4
d) wall 4
How does the load on a piece of rope relate to the weight of the object creating the load?
a) The load may change, but the weight stays the same
b) the load stays the same, but the weight may change
c) neither the load nor the weight may change
d) both the load and the weight may change
a) The load may change, but the wait stays the same
What is the difference between an open and a closed throwing knot?
a) a closed throwing knot should not be tied with Kernmantel rope
b) an open throwing knot is more likely to get caught in branches
c) a closed throwing knot requires the use of hardware
d) an open throwing knot will come undone when the rope is thrown
d) an open throwing knot will come undone when the rope is thrown
In structural pruning, the process of reducing competing stems into laterals is known as
a) subordination
b) hardening off
c) heading
d) raising
a) subordination
Why is lignin important to tree health?
a) lignin makes wood resistant to compression
b) lignin transports nutrients through the tree
c) lignin helps the tree survive cold weather
d) lignin improves the ability of leaves to perform transpiration
a) lignin makes wood resistant to compression
What is the optimal level of pore space in a soil?
a) 25 percent
b) 50 percent
c) 75 percent
d) 100 percent
b) 50 percent
Which type of knot would be recommended for binding two ropes with different diameters?
a) Prusik hitch
b) double fisherman’s knot
c) sheet bend
d) cow hitch with half hitch
c) sheet bend
Which of the following colors would NOT be the product of a carotenoid pigment?
a) yellow
b) purple
c) red
d) orange
b) purple
What is the typical treatment for highly sodic soil?
a) application of a slow-release fertilizer with low nitrogen content
b) application of a slow-release fertilizer with high nitrogen content
c) irrigation with a high-sodium water
d) irrigation with a low-sodium water
d) irrigation with a low-sodium water
Which of the following phenomena does NOT indicate problems with a leaning tree?
a) soil cracks
b) raised roots
c) reaction wood
d) mounded soil
c) reaction wood
The plant grows regulators that inhibit the work of cell elongating hormones are called
a) anti-gibberellins
b) sieve tube elements
c) photosynthates
d) macronutrients
a) anti-gibberellins
Which of the following metrics provides the most accurate indicator of soil fertility?
a) Soil PH
b) cation exchange capacity
c) buffering capacity
d) water-holding capacity
b) cation exchange capacity
Which of the following cuts is used in topping?
a) thinning cut
b) reduction cut
c) heading cut
d) pruning cut
c) heading cut
What is the name for a large, irregularly shaped area of dead tissue on a leaf?
a) die back
b) leaf blotch
c) scorch
d) gummosis
b) leaf blotch
When 2 trees are guyed together where should the guys be installed?
a) the guy on the supported tree should be above the midpoint and the guy on the anchor tree should be on the lower half of the trunk
b) the guy on the supported tree should be above the midpoint and the guy on the anchor tree should be on the upper half of the trunk
c) the guy on the supported tree should be below the midpoint and the guy on the anchor tree should be on the lower half of the trunk
c) the guy on the supported tree should be below the midpoint and the guy on the anchor tree should be on the upper half of the trunk
a) the guy on the supported tree should be above the midpoint and the guy on the anchor tree should be on the lower half of the trunk
The open spaces in plant tissues are called
a) symplasm
b) apoplasm
c) protoplasm
d) xenoplasm
b) apoplasm
Which of these factors would affect the microclimate of a location?
a) topography
b) average rainfall
c) soil profile
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
What is the name for irregular plant growth, often found in the leaf tissue?
a) blotch
b) scorch
c) spot
d) galls
d) galls
When looking at a cross-section of a branch which ring represents the most recent year of growth?
a) the first ring inside the cambium
b) the first ring inside the phloem
c) the first ring outside the cambium
d) the first ring outside the phloem
a) the first ring inside the cambium
In which notch commonly used in felling do the two cuts form in approximate right angle?
a) conventional notch
b) close-face notch
c) humboldt notch
d) open-face notch
d) open-face notch
Which of the following tools should only be used for connectors that seldom need to be opened?
a) carabiners
b) clevises
c) shackles
d) screw links
d) screw links
