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Anatomy Lecture + Lab > Practical Lab Exam 2 > Flashcards

Practical Lab Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Label the supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental foramen.

A
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2
Q

Label where the lines are pointing

A
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3
Q

What is being landmarked here?

A

Inferior orbital fissue

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4
Q

What is this?

A

Stylomastoid foramen

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5
Q

Label this

A
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6
Q

What is the arrow pointing at?

A

Foramen magnum

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7
Q

Label

A
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8
Q

What is highlighted in green?

A

Central sulcus

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9
Q

What is highlighted in green?

A

Insula

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10
Q

What is in purple?

A

Longitudinal fissure

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11
Q

What is in red?

A

Lateral fissure

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12
Q

What is the arrow pointing at in red?

A

Transverse fissure

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13
Q

What is in green?

A

Parieto-occipital sulcus

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14
Q

What is in pink?

A

Calcarine sulcus

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15
Q

What is being pointed at?

A

Corpus callosum

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16
Q

What is in green?

A

Corpus callosum

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17
Q

Where is the olfactory tract?

A
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18
Q

Label yellow, blue, and green

A
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19
Q

Label

A
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20
Q

What is highlighted in red?

A

Optic chiasm

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21
Q

What is this pointing at?

A

Cerebral peduncles

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22
Q

What is being pointed at?

A
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23
Q

Label this

A
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24
Q

What makes up the corpora quadrigemina?

A

Superior and inferior colliculi

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25
Q

What is being pointed at?

A
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26
Q

What is being pointed at?

A
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27
Q

What is being shown in green?

A

Cerebellar peduncles

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28
Q

What are the arrows pointing to?

A

Cerebellar peduncles

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29
Q

Label

A
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30
Q

Label

A
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31
Q

Label

A
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32
Q

What is in purple?

A

Choroid plexus

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33
Q

Label this image

A
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34
Q

Label

A
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35
Q

Label

A
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36
Q

What is being landmarked?

A

Confluence of sinuses

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37
Q

Label

A
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38
Q

Label

A
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39
Q

Label

A
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40
Q

Label the three white lines

A
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41
Q

What is being shown in yellow? What is right next to it?

A

Yellow are dorsal roots. We can also see the ganglia (bulges) right next to it.

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42
Q

Where are ventral roots located?

A

They look the same as dorsal roots but they are anteriorly located.

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43
Q

Label:
-gray matter
-ventral (anterior) horn
-dorsal (posterior) horn
-ventral roots
-dorsal roots
-dorsal root ganglia
-central canal
-white matter

A
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44
Q

What structure is found in the ventricles?

A

Choroid plexus

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45
Q

What does corpora quadrigemina stand for?

A

Quadruplet bodies (two superior and two inferior colliculi)

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46
Q

Where does CN I (Olfactory Nerve) pass through?

A

Olfactory foramina of cribriform plate

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47
Q

Where does CN II (Optic Nerve) pass through?

A

Optic foramen to optic chiasm

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48
Q

Where does CN III (Oculomotor Nerve) pass through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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49
Q

Where does CN IV (Trochlear Nerve) pass through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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50
Q

Where does CN V (Trigeminal Nerve) DIVISION 1 pass through?

A

Ophthalmic division through superior orbital fissure

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51
Q

Where does CN V (Trigeminal Nerve) DIVISION 2 pass through?

A

Maxillary division passes through foramen rotundum

52
Q

Where does CN V (Trigeminal Nerve) DIVISION 3 pass through?

A

Mandibular division passes through foramen oval

53
Q

Where does CN VI (Abducens Nerve) pass through?

A

Superior orbital fissure

54
Q

Where does CN VII (Facial Nerve) pass through?

A

Passes through internal acoustic meatus and then stylomastoid foramen

55
Q

Where does CN VII (Vestibulocochlear Nerve) pass through?

A

Passes through internal acoustic meatus

56
Q

Where does CN IX (Glossopharyngeal Nerve) pass through?

A

Passes through jugular foramen

57
Q

Where does CN X (Vagus Nerve) pass through?

A

Jugular foramen

58
Q

Where does CN XI (Accessory Nerve) pass through?

A

Jugular foramen

59
Q

Where does CN XII (Hypoglossal Nerve) pass through?

A

Hypoglossal canal

60
Q

What is wrapped around individual axons and looks like a bunch of eyeballs?

A

Endoneurium

61
Q

What is wrapped around a single fascicle?

A

Perineurium

62
Q

What is wrapped around several grouped fascicles?

A

Epineurium

63
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm? Does it come from the base of the skull?

What nerve innervates the heart?

A

Phrenic nerves innervate the diaphragm. They do NOT come from the base of the skull.

Vagus nerve innervates the heart.

64
Q

Generally, for phrenic nerves, what is the order in which we will see veins, arteries, and nerves?

A

From top-down when shown, it will be veins, arteries, then nerves.

65
Q

Which are we better able to tug and visualize: deep fibular nerve or superficial fibular nerve?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

66
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve originate? Where does it travel?

A

Emerges from the inferior border of the piriformis muscle. Travels down the posterior thigh towards the leg.

67
Q

What does the sciatic nerve give rise to?

A

Tibial nerve and common fibular nerve (superficial fibular and deep fibular nerve).

68
Q

What does the femoral nerve pass under?

A

Inguinal ligament

69
Q

Where does the femoral nerve originate?

A

Look at the area lateral to the psoas muscles.

70
Q

What do we need to look at to differentiate between superior and inferior gluteal muscles? Explain where each will be found.

A

Find the piriformis muscle.

Superior gluteal muscles will be above the piriformis.

Inferior gluteal muscles will be below the piriformis.

71
Q

Where can we find the obturator nerve? What is the landmark muscle to look for?

A

Medial thigh. Look for the adductor brevis muscle.

72
Q

Where are the anterior and posterior obturator nerves located?

A

Anterior obturator nerve is located above the adductor brevis.

Posterior obturator nerve is located below the adductor brevis.

73
Q

What letter do the medial and lateral cord?

A

Look for the ‘M’.

74
Q

What are the cords of the brachial plexus named based on?

A

Based on their position relative to the axillary/brachial artery.

75
Q

What is the most lateral nerve in the brachial plexus? What cord does this come off of?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve which comes off of the lateral cord.

76
Q

What is the most medial nerve in the brachial plexus? What cord does this come off of?

A

Ulnar nerve which comes off of the medial cord.

77
Q

What nerve is contributed to by lateral and medial cord?

A

Median nerve

78
Q

What nerve goes directly into the armpit? What cord does this come off of?

A

Axillary nerve, which comes off of the posterior cord

79
Q

What nerve goes further than the axillary nerve that comes off of the posterior cord? How is it different than the axillary nerve appearance-wise?

A

Radial nerve. It appears as longer & thicker.

80
Q

Where can we find CN V1 exiting the skull?

A

Supraorbital foramen

81
Q

Where can we find CN V2 exiting the skull?

A

Infraorbital foramen

82
Q

When can we find CN V3 exiting the skull?

A

Mental foramen

83
Q

What pierces the posterior eyeball?

A

Optic nerve

84
Q

What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve?

A

The Zebra Broke My Car

Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandible, Cervical

85
Q

How can we differentiate the vagus nerve from the phrenic nerve?

A

Vagus nerve is coming from the base of the skull and has a superior origin compared to the phrenic nerve.

86
Q

What is being pulled at in this image?

A

Phrenic nerve

87
Q

What is being shown in yellow and green?

A

Intercostal nerves

88
Q

Where would we find intercostal nerves?

A

Look between the ribs.

89
Q

What is being shown in yellow?

A

Femoral nerve

90
Q

What is being shown in green?

A

Sciatic nerve

91
Q

Label

A
92
Q

Explain where the superior and inferior gluteal nerves are.

A
93
Q

What is colored in red?

A

Abdominal aorta

94
Q

What side of the body is the Azygos vein on?

A

Right side at back of chest

95
Q

Describe the location of the Accessory Hemiazygos Vein.

A

Runs on the upper left side of your spine and drains down into the Azygos vein.

96
Q

Describe the location of the Hemiazygos vein.

A

Runs in the lower thoracic region on the left side of the spine.

97
Q

Label

A

Left is Azygos vein, top right is Accessory Hemiazygos vein, and bottom right is Hemiazygos vein.

98
Q

What is being highlighted in red?

A

Arch of Azygos

99
Q

What is in purple?

A

Arch of azygos

99
Q

What is shown in green?

A

Azygos vein

99
Q

What nerve is located above adductor brevis?

A

Anterior obturator nerve

100
Q

What nerve is located beneath adductor brevis?

A

Posterior obturator nerve

101
Q

What nerve is located above the piriformis muscle?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

102
Q

What nerve is located below the piriformis muscle?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

103
Q

What nerve originates lateral to the psoas muscle?

A

Femoral nerve

104
Q

What is the more medial branch that comes off of the sciatic nerve?

A

Tibial nerve

105
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve emerge from?

A

Posterior at the inferior border of the piriformis muscle

106
Q

Describe the location of the sympathetic chain.

A

Lines the sides of the spinal cord and extends superiorly into the neck and inferiorly into the pelvis.

107
Q

What are located along the sympathetic chain? Where along the chain are they?

A

Sympathetic ganglia, which are located between the ribs

108
Q

What comes off of the sympathetic chain and is able to be pulled away a little further than the chain?

A

Splanchnic nerves

109
Q

What connects the pulmonary trunk to the arch of the aorta?

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

110
Q

What is the pericardial sac?

A

Surrounds the heart and is filled with serous fluid.

111
Q

Describe parietal pericardium.

A

Lines the inside of the pericardial sac.

112
Q

Describe visceral pericardium.

A

Lines the surface of the heart, touching the heart directly.

113
Q

What makes up the anterior region of the heart?

A

Right ventricle

114
Q

What makes up most of the posterior/inferior surface of the heart?

A

Left ventricle

115
Q

What is an extension of the right atrium?

A

Right atrial appendage

116
Q

What is an extension of the left atrium?

A

Left atrial appendage

117
Q

What makes up the superior region of the heart?

A

Left atrium

118
Q

What makes up the right margin of the heart?

A

Right atrium

119
Q

What is highlighted in green?

A

Apex of the heart

120
Q

Label the arrows.

A
121
Q

What is being pointed at?

A

Pulmonary trunk

122
Q

What is the pericardium made up of?

A

Fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium

123
Q

What makes up the serous pericardium?

A

Parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium

124
Q

What sits between the parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium?

A

Pericardial fluid

125
Q
A

Anatomy Lecture + Lab (6 decks)

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