Practical #6 Flashcards
Identify characteristics and functions of structures of entire urinary system
The kidney removes what from the blood?
Removal of toxins
Removal of metabolic waste
Removal of excess ions from blood
What is the medulla?
The “meat” of the kidney where the pyramids and renal columns are. Contains mostly collecting ducts.
What is the cortex?
The outer edge of the kidney. Contains bulk of nephron structures
Two main parts of nephrons?
Glomerulus
Renal tubule
What is filtration?
Removal of toxins metabolic wastes and excess ions from blood
What is reabsorption?
When the body takes water back in instead of expelling it
What is Micturition?
The action of urinating
Function of male urethra in urinary system?
length of male urethra?
Allows body to pass urine out of the body
18-20 cm
Function of female urethra in urinary system; length of female urethra
To pass urine outside of the body
4.75”
Characteristics/abnormalities of conditions associated with urinalysis
Color, clarity, odor, volume, specific gravity
Identify characteristics and functions of structures of entire male reproductive system
In lecture flash cards EXAM 5
Identify characteristics and functions of structures of entire female reproductive system
In EXAM 5 flash cards
Mitosis vs. Meiosis; in which cells each of these occurs
Mitosis occurs somatic cells
Meiosis only occurs in reproductive cells
Process of ovulation?
LH stimulates egg release , egg goes through meiosis 1, is released from ovary, it’s sent down Fallopian tubes to be fertilized and go through meiosis 2
Process of menstruation?
In a sense of pregnancy-
Uterus sheds inner lining
Stratum functionalis detaches from uterine wall
Bleed 3-5 days
Spermatogenesis vs. Oogenesis
Spermatogenesis is sperm production
Oogenesis is egg development
Hormones associated with menstruation
Estrogen and progesterone
LH and FSH
Hormones associated with spermatogenesis
FSH and testosterone
Hormones associated with oogenesis
FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone
How do the kidneys maintain body’s internal environment
Regulates water and concentration of solutes
Regulates ions in ECF
maintains acid-base balance
Hormone production (erythropoietin and renin)
Converts vit D to calcitrol
Gluconeogenesis during prolonged fasting
What are nephrons?
Functional excretory units
Function of urinary bladder
Temporary storage reservoir for urine
Function of ureters
Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Function of urethra
Transports urine out of body
What side of the kidney is lower?
The right
Ureters, renal blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter and exit at the _______
Hilum
About 85% of nephrons, almost completely in the cortex are called
_________ ________
Cortical nephrons
_______ ________ originate at vortex-medulla interface, long loops that dip into the medulla; allow for production of concentrated urine and conserving water
Juxtamedullary nephrons
The cup like part of the renal corpuscle
Glimerular capsule
Capillary specialized for filtration
Glomerulus
What is the primary site of tubular reabsorption?
Proximal convoluted tubule
Location of macula dense is the _______ ________
Ascending limb
Received urine from many nephrons
Collecting duct
Region where ascending portion of nephron loop lies against the afferent arterials that feed the glomerulus
Juxtaglomerular complex
Both the nephron loop and afferent arteriole cells are modified at the point of contact in the ________ _________
Juxtaglomerular complex
Juxtaglomerular complex helps to regulate rate of _________ _________ and __________ blood pressure.
Filtrate formation
Systemic
Chemical composition of urine
____% water and ____% solutes
95
5
Nitrogenous wastes are (3)?
Urea, uric acid, creatinine
Three steps of urine formation ?
Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion
Function of descending limb in nephron
Highly permeable to water
Function of ascending limb in nephron
Reabsorbs solutes
Filtration vs reabsorption
Filtration filters water and waste from the blood in the glomerulus
Reabsorption involves reabsorbing molecules, ions, and water back into the body to keep homeostasis
