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Bio-169 Lab > Practical #6 > Flashcards

Practical #6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Identify characteristics and functions of structures of entire urinary system

A
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2
Q

The kidney removes what from the blood?

A

Removal of toxins
Removal of metabolic waste
Removal of excess ions from blood

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3
Q

What is the medulla?

A

The “meat” of the kidney where the pyramids and renal columns are. Contains mostly collecting ducts.

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4
Q

What is the cortex?

A

The outer edge of the kidney. Contains bulk of nephron structures

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5
Q

Two main parts of nephrons?

A

Glomerulus

Renal tubule

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6
Q

What is filtration?

A

Removal of toxins metabolic wastes and excess ions from blood

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7
Q

What is reabsorption?

A

When the body takes water back in instead of expelling it

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8
Q

What is Micturition?

A

The action of urinating

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9
Q

Function of male urethra in urinary system?

length of male urethra?

A

Allows body to pass urine out of the body

18-20 cm

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10
Q

Function of female urethra in urinary system; length of female urethra

A

To pass urine outside of the body

4.75”

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11
Q

Characteristics/abnormalities of conditions associated with urinalysis

A

Color, clarity, odor, volume, specific gravity

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12
Q

Identify characteristics and functions of structures of entire male reproductive system

A

In lecture flash cards EXAM 5

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13
Q

Identify characteristics and functions of structures of entire female reproductive system

A

In EXAM 5 flash cards

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14
Q

Mitosis vs. Meiosis; in which cells each of these occurs

A

Mitosis occurs somatic cells

Meiosis only occurs in reproductive cells

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15
Q

Process of ovulation?

A

LH stimulates egg release , egg goes through meiosis 1, is released from ovary, it’s sent down Fallopian tubes to be fertilized and go through meiosis 2

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16
Q

Process of menstruation?

A

In a sense of pregnancy-
Uterus sheds inner lining
Stratum functionalis detaches from uterine wall
Bleed 3-5 days

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17
Q

Spermatogenesis vs. Oogenesis

A

Spermatogenesis is sperm production

Oogenesis is egg development

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18
Q

Hormones associated with menstruation

A

Estrogen and progesterone

LH and FSH

19
Q

Hormones associated with spermatogenesis

A

FSH and testosterone

20
Q

Hormones associated with oogenesis

A

FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone

21
Q

How do the kidneys maintain body’s internal environment

A

Regulates water and concentration of solutes

Regulates ions in ECF

maintains acid-base balance

Hormone production (erythropoietin and renin)

Converts vit D to calcitrol

Gluconeogenesis during prolonged fasting

22
Q

What are nephrons?

A

Functional excretory units

23
Q

Function of urinary bladder

A

Temporary storage reservoir for urine

24
Q

Function of ureters

A

Transport urine from kidneys to bladder

25
Q

Function of urethra

A

Transports urine out of body

26
Q

What side of the kidney is lower?

A

The right

27
Q

Ureters, renal blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter and exit at the _______

A

Hilum

28
Q

About 85% of nephrons, almost completely in the cortex are called
_________ ________

A

Cortical nephrons

29
Q

_______ ________ originate at vortex-medulla interface, long loops that dip into the medulla; allow for production of concentrated urine and conserving water

A

Juxtamedullary nephrons

30
Q

The cup like part of the renal corpuscle

A

Glimerular capsule

31
Q

Capillary specialized for filtration

A

Glomerulus

32
Q

What is the primary site of tubular reabsorption?

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

33
Q

Location of macula dense is the _______ ________

A

Ascending limb

34
Q

Received urine from many nephrons

A

Collecting duct

35
Q

Region where ascending portion of nephron loop lies against the afferent arterials that feed the glomerulus

A

Juxtaglomerular complex

36
Q

Both the nephron loop and afferent arteriole cells are modified at the point of contact in the ________ _________

A

Juxtaglomerular complex

37
Q

Juxtaglomerular complex helps to regulate rate of _________ _________ and __________ blood pressure.

A

Filtrate formation

Systemic

38
Q

Chemical composition of urine

____% water and ____% solutes

A

95

5

39
Q

Nitrogenous wastes are (3)?

A

Urea, uric acid, creatinine

40
Q

Three steps of urine formation ?

A

Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion

41
Q

Function of descending limb in nephron

A

Highly permeable to water

42
Q

Function of ascending limb in nephron

A

Reabsorbs solutes

43
Q

Filtration vs reabsorption

A

Filtration filters water and waste from the blood in the glomerulus

Reabsorption involves reabsorbing molecules, ions, and water back into the body to keep homeostasis

Bio-169 Lab (8 decks)

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