Practical #3 Flashcards
Difference between arteries and veins?
Arteries go to the heart, veins away Arteries are thicker Veins closer to the surface Veins have valves Arteries have thicker tunica media
Function of capillaries?
Exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen, and nutrients for waste
Function of tunica externa in veins
Thicker in veins. Protects veins
Function of tunica media in veins
Thinner than arteries.
Changes diameter
Function of tunica intima in veins?
Flat epithelial cells. Allow blood to flow smoothly
Function of tunica externa in arteries?
Thinner than in veins. Provides stuctural support. Keeps arteries from exploding.
Function tunica media in arteries
Dilate and contract arteries
Function of tunica intima in arteries
Flat epithelial cells allow smooth blood flow
Anastomosis definition and example?
Connections
Capillary bed
What is diastole?
When either ventricles or atria are relaxing.
What is systole?
Period when either ventricles or atria are contracting
What is used to measure BP
sphygmomanometer
and
Stethoscope
Blood pressure vs pulse
BP is the force of the blood flowing against arteries
Pulse is the number of times your heart beats in a minute
Heart sounds and what they correspond to?
Lub- closing of tricuspid and mitral valves. Start of systole.
Dub- closing of pulmonary and aortic valves. End of systole.
Korotkoff sounds-
The sounds detected by the stethoscope in the auscultatory blood pressure measurement, known as Korotkoff sounds, are used to define systalic (high value) and diastolic (low value) pressures inside the arterial system.
Process of an entire cardiac cycle?
1- ventricular filling (mid-late diastole)
AV valves close when ventricular pressure fills with blood.
2- isovolumetric contraction (early systole) Ventricles contract. Blood rises, AV valves snap shut. All valves are closed. “Lub”
3-ventricular ejection (mid-late ventricular systole)
Ventricular pressure is greater than aortic pressure. Pressure blasts open semilunar valves. AV valves still closed.
4- isovolumetric relaxation (early diastole)
Arterial pressure is higher than ventricular pressure. Snaps semilunar valves shut. “Dub”
AV valves still shut. Dicrotic notch.
Function of lymphatic system?
Removes foreign material
a site for lymphocite “policing” of body fluids and for lymphocyte multiplication.
Returns stray blood back to the blood vessels.
Three areas where lymph nodes are most abundant?
Cervical, axillary, inguinal
Organs of lumphatic system and function?
Spleen- provides site for lymphocite proliferation. Cleans blood if old RBC and platelets.
Thymus- makes t cells.
Bone marrow- makes B cells
Lymph nodes- filters lymph
MALT- initiates immune responses to specific antigens encountered along all mucosal surfaces
Right lymphatic duct drains?
Right side of head, right arm, and right side of thorax.
