Practical #3

Question 1

Difference between arteries and veins?

Answer 1

Arteries go to the heart, veins away
Arteries are thicker
Veins closer to the surface
Veins have valves 
Arteries have thicker tunica media

Question 2

Function of capillaries?

Answer 2

Exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen, and nutrients for waste

Question 3

Function of tunica externa in veins

Answer 3

Thicker in veins. Protects veins

Question 4

Function of tunica media in veins

Answer 4

Thinner than arteries.

Changes diameter

Question 5

Function of tunica intima in veins?

Answer 5

Flat epithelial cells. Allow blood to flow smoothly

Question 6

Function of tunica externa in arteries?

Answer 6

Thinner than in veins. Provides stuctural support. Keeps arteries from exploding.

Question 7

Function tunica media in arteries

Answer 7

Dilate and contract arteries

Question 8

Function of tunica intima in arteries

Answer 8

Flat epithelial cells allow smooth blood flow

Question 9

Anastomosis definition and example?

Answer 9

Connections

Capillary bed

Question 10

What is diastole?

Answer 10

When either ventricles or atria are relaxing.

Question 11

What is systole?

Answer 11

Period when either ventricles or atria are contracting

Question 12

What is used to measure BP

Answer 12

sphygmomanometer
and
Stethoscope

Question 13

Blood pressure vs pulse

Answer 13

BP is the force of the blood flowing against arteries

Pulse is the number of times your heart beats in a minute

Question 14

Heart sounds and what they correspond to?

Answer 14

Lub- closing of tricuspid and mitral valves. Start of systole.

Dub- closing of pulmonary and aortic valves. End of systole.

Korotkoff sounds-
The sounds detected by the stethoscope in the auscultatory blood pressure measurement, known as Korotkoff sounds, are used to define systalic (high value) and diastolic (low value) pressures inside the arterial system.

Question 15

Process of an entire cardiac cycle?

Answer 15

1- ventricular filling (mid-late diastole)
AV valves close when ventricular pressure fills with blood.

2- isovolumetric contraction (early systole) Ventricles contract. Blood rises, AV valves snap shut. All valves are closed. “Lub”

3-ventricular ejection (mid-late ventricular systole)
Ventricular pressure is greater than aortic pressure. Pressure blasts open semilunar valves. AV valves still closed.

4- isovolumetric relaxation (early diastole)
Arterial pressure is higher than ventricular pressure. Snaps semilunar valves shut. “Dub”

AV valves still shut. Dicrotic notch.

Question 16

Function of lymphatic system?

Answer 16

Removes foreign material

a site for lymphocite “policing” of body fluids and for lymphocyte multiplication.

Returns stray blood back to the blood vessels.

Question 17

Three areas where lymph nodes are most abundant?

Answer 17

Cervical, axillary, inguinal

Question 18

Organs of lumphatic system and function?

Answer 18

Spleen- provides site for lymphocite proliferation. Cleans blood if old RBC and platelets.

Thymus- makes t cells.

Bone marrow- makes B cells

Lymph nodes- filters lymph

MALT- initiates immune responses to specific antigens encountered along all mucosal surfaces

Question 19

Right lymphatic duct drains?

Answer 19

Right side of head, right arm, and right side of thorax.