Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

W3 - Regional Biodiversity > PPT - Van Belle > Flashcards

PPT - Van Belle Flashcards

Fryslân landscape

1
Q

Main Fryslân landscape types (10)

A
  1. Salt marsh
  2. Terps
  3. Low cover sands
  4. Hedgerows
  5. High cover sands
  6. Brooks & es-valleys
  7. Marshes
  8. Moor polders
  9. Bolder clay
  10. Barrier islands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Salt marsh succession and sedementation

A
  1. Natural process of sedementation leads to typical zoning, interspersed with creeks.
  2. Low marsh and partially submerged flats lead to gradual zoning.
  3. Sedementation along creeks leads to higher creek banks and more relief on salt marsh.
  4. Structure is also found in artificial land reclamation works.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Threats for intertidal salt marsh system

A
  • Soil subsidence: -> Underground salt extraction, subsidence of sandy subsoil.
    Sea level rise: -> Climate change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hedgerows:

A
  • Dry sandy soils on boulder clay.
  • Originally heathlands
  • elongated fields with hedgerows
  • High biodiversity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Threats for bocages

A
  • Intensification
  • Land consolidation
  • Hedgerows removed
  • Monocultures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pingo ruins

A
  • Formed during ice age
  • Pond with slightly raised and overturned banks
  • Used as water basin for cattle.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

High cover sands

A
  • Originally a raised bog
  • Peat excavation & agriculture
  • Agricultural intensification
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dry sandy soils

A
  • Dry heathland and deciduous forest
  • Nutrient poor, N-limited
  • Slightly acidic
  • Limited impact ground water
  • Grazing
  • Nutrient leaching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Wet sandy soils

A
  • Moist forests and swamps
  • Wet heathland
  • Meres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nature management

A
  • Ongoing (Hunting, coppicing, mowing, grazing)
  • Restoration (Physical processes, connectivity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Metapopulation

A

Population of populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metapopulation and fragmentation

A
  1. Continuous habitat of species
  2. Habitat separation through modification
  3. spatially distinct metapopulations, connected by individual migration.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Metapopulation dynamics

A
  1. Patches with local breeding populations
  2. Patches not too isolated to prevent recolonization
  3. Local population dynamics asynchronous, simultatneous extinction unlikely.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Metapopulation analysis

A

Determine local population dynamics to determine management measures needed for conservation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Overall metapopulation dynamics, determined by …

A
  • Subpopulation dynamics
  • Species / Individual dispersal capacity
  • Landscape suitability for dispersal.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Overall metapopulation dynamics, determines …

A
  • Overall population size
  • Genetic structure
  • Health of populations
17
Q

Ambition levels NNN connection design

A
  • Combination of current population tred
  • Metapopulation theory
  • Aims are preservation of population size and genetic condition
  • Methods are connected ecosystems and mitigate impact of fragmentation
18
Q

Goals of eco passages

A
  • Increase of population size
  • Decrease of genetic deterioration
  • Prevent roadkills
  • Increase of ecosystem connectivity.
19
Q

Fit in landscape

A
  • Waterbodies
  • Tree lines
  • Altitude
20
Q

Guide through landscape stepping stones

A
  • Ponds
  • Trees
  • Stubs
  • Breeding mounts
21
Q

Weakly buffered / poor fen

A
  • Anthropogenic influx of N / P.
  • Chemical balance shifts: Lower pH is more acidic
  • P & N are nutrients -> encroachment
  • Management to mitigate antropogenic effects is to remove water plants
  • Nature restoration is the removal of litter layer fen bottom.
  • Too much restoration is bad for Brede geelgerande waterroofkever
22
Q

Nutrient-poor dry heath / grass

A
  • Managed landscape
  • Anthropogenic influx of N / P / S
  • Management to maintain is grazing or chopping of grass
  • Nature restoration is the removal of top soils, mining of N and P with N-binding plants (clover, lupine, etc.). Add a buffer with ground limestone.
23
Q

Dry sandy forest

A
  • High N-deposition, acidification affects litter decomposition
  • High N / P ratio
  • P, Ca, Mg limiting
  • Amino acid production affected, black grouse chicks starved.
  • Management to mitigate: support litter composition and protect humous layers in soil
  • Nature restoration: Adding rock powder
24
Q

Peaty meadows

A
  • Mainly dairy farming
  • Originally rich in meadow birds
  • Strong decrease in meadow birds due to lowered water tables, monoculture and mowing early and often.
  • Management is delayed mowing, ‘fixed’ manure, limited fielding of cattle, herb rich grasslands, partially submerged fields and predator control.

W3 - Regional Biodiversity (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions