PPT 4 Flashcards
Whitehall I study had how many participants and from where
18 000 men in the British Civil Service
Were men in the lowest employment grades much likely to die prematurely than men in the highest grades
yes
What was not fully accounted for by differences in well-known risk factors, such as smoking
Socio-economic inequalities
what year was the Whitehall I study
1967
what year was the Whitehall II study
1985
Whitehall II study was to determine what
other factors that might contribute to this social gradient in death and disease, and to include women
Is Whitehall II study a world-class study of ageing
yes
What did the Whitehall II study combine over 30 years
Data on social inequalities and chronic disease
what did the social determinants of health involve in relation to social class difference
Involved social class differences in health on the map and investigate
social determinants of health involved contribution of three factors
1- unhealthy behaviours
2- traditional risk factors in heart disease and diabetes
3- psychological factors
List some of the psychological factors that the social determinants of health involved
1- work stress
2- unfairness
3- work-family conflict to socio-economic inequalities
Whitehall I and II study published how many research papers on the data collected
500
Did the Whitehall II research contribute to policy making in Britain and globally
yes
Mike evans stated that walking reduced the % in many different pt, give exampls of pt
1- Knee arthritis 1h treatment 3x/week reduced by 47%
2- Reduced dementia and Alzheimers by 50%
3- Pt high risk diabetes reduced by 58%
4- Post meno women reduced hip fx by 41%
5- Reduced anxiety by 30-47%
Mike evans most important improved exercise has is increased…
QOL
Stephen looked at the aerobic longitudinal study and stated that the most risk was
CRF: low fitness was the strongest predictor of death
Define attributable factors
estimate of the # of deaths in a population that would have been avoided if that risk factor was erased
What did the study in Japan state about walking
every increase in 10 minutes of walking leads to a 12% dec in high bp
What is mike evans main question
can you limit your sitting and sleeping to just 23.5 hours a day
Who had less cardiac events with pt who exercised and pt who received a stent
exercise pt
Is the proper assessment or measurement of physical activity a challenge, especially in free-living individuals.
yes
Why are accurate assessments needed (2 reasons)
1- Understand the specific amounts of physical activity that are needed for health benefits
2-Determine if a particular behavioral intervention was successful in changing activity behavior
What are the 3 considerations when determining the accuracy of an assessment tool?
1- validity
2- reliability
3- sensitivity
Define validity
measuring what you’re supposed to be measuring
