PPF and nasal cavity

Question 1

identify orange

Answer 1

superior orbital fissure

Question 2

identify green and red

Answer 2

green: foramen rotundum
red: pterygoid canal

Question 3

Identify blue

Answer 3

pterygoid process

Question 4

identify

Answer 4

orbital surface of greater wing

Question 5

identify

Answer 5

palatine bone

• circle: perpendicular plate
• arrow: horizontal plate

Question 6

identify #2

Answer 6

pterygopalatine fossa

Question 7

The pterygopalatine fossa communicates laterally with what?

Answer 7

Pterygomaxillary fissure (infratemporal fossa)

Question 8

pterygopalatine fossa communicates posteriorly with what two things?

Answer 8

• foramen rotundum
• pterygoid canal

Question 9

pterygopalatine fossa communicates medially with what

Answer 9

sphenopalatine foramen -> nasal cavity

Question 10

pterygopalatine fossa communicates superiorly with what?

Answer 10

inferior orbital fissure-> orbit

Question 11

Pterygopalatine fossa communicates inferiorly with what?

Answer 11

palatine canal -> palate/oral cavity

Question 12

What nerve runs through the pterygopalatine fossa? What are its two main branches

Answer 12

• maxillary nerve
• zygomatic and infraorbital

Question 13

What ganglion comes off of the maxillary nerve (CN V2)

Answer 13

pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 14

What nerves come off of the pterygopalatine ganglion? What are their destination?

Answer 14

• greater and lesser palatine nerves -> palatine canal
• Nasopalatine nerve -> spehnopalatine foramen
• posterior lateral nasal nerves -> sphenopalatin foramen

Question 15

Do greater and lesser palatine nerves synapse at pterygopalatine ganglion?

Answer 15

No, they pass through and pick up hitchhikers from the ganglion and exit via the palatine canal

Question 16

The nerve of the pterygoid canal is formed from what two nerves?

Answer 16

• greater petrosal nerve
• deep petrosal nerve

Question 17

What is the greater petrosal nerve

Answer 17

nerve from facial n. (CN VII) carrying preganglionic, parasympathetic

Question 18

What is the deep petrosal nerve?

Answer 18

Nerve from the internal carotid plexus off of the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion carrying postganglionic sympathetic innervation

Question 19

Where does the nerve of the pterygoid run through to get to the pterygopalatine ganglion?

Answer 19

pterygoid canal

Question 20

Which nerves of the nerve to pterygoid canal synpase in the pterygopalatine ganglion?

Answer 20

• only parasympathetics: from greater petrosal n.

Question 21

What arteries run through the pterygopalatine fossa

Answer 21

deep branches of maxillary artery

Question 22

The descending palatine artery off of the maxillary artery parallels what nerves?

Answer 22

greater and lesser palatine nerves -> travel through palatine canal

Question 23

The sphenopalatine artery off of the maxillary artery parallels which nerve branch?

Answer 23

nasopalatine nerve -> travels through sphenopalatine foramen

Question 24

What two maxillary arteries parallel the posterior lateral nasal and infraorbital nerves respectively?

Answer 24

posterior lateral nasal artery -> travels to sphenopalatine foramen

infraorbital artery -> travels to inferior orbital fissure

Question 25

purple

Answer 25

maxilla

Question 26

orange

Answer 26

ethmoid bone

Question 27

green

Answer 27

inferior nasal concha

Question 28

pink

Answer 28

sphenoid

Question 29

blue

Answer 29

nasal bone

Question 30

arrow

Answer 30

lacrimal

Question 31

tan

Answer 31

palatine

Question 32

nasal septum is formed from what?

Answer 32

* perpendicular plate of ethmoid * Vomer

Question 33

Name the nasal cartilages

Answer 33

* septal * alar * lateral

Question 34

identify black, green, and yellow

Answer 34

* black: inferior meatus * green: middle meatus * yellow: superior meatus

Question 35

purple

Answer 35

sphenoethmoidal recess * opening of sphenoid sinus

Question 36

" a" and "b"

Answer 36

* a: superior concha of ethmoid * b: middle concha of ethmoid

Question 37

Name the 4 paranasal sinuses. Which one contains multiple hollow air cells

Answer 37

* frontal * ethmoid: has hollow air cells * sphenoid * maxilla

Question 38

The hiatus semilunaris connects what two openings

Answer 38

* frontonasal duct: opening to frontal sinus * opening of the maxillary sinus

Question 39

The sphenoethmoid recess opens into what?

Answer 39

sphenoid sinus

Question 40

Ethmoid air cells open into the nasal cavity via what

Answer 40

numerous miniscule holes

Question 41

Infectious material is easily trapped in which sinus due the location of its sinus opening

Answer 41

maxillary sinus

Question 42

The Choana of the nasal cavity separates what?

Answer 42

* nasal vestibule: outside world * nasopharynx

Question 43

What vessels in the nasal cavity are from the internal carotid system

Answer 43

ethmoidal branches of the ophthalmic artery

Question 44

what artery off of the facial artery supplies the nose

Answer 44

lateral nasal branch off angular artery

Question 45

What branches off of the external carotid artery supply the nose

Answer 45

* lateral nasal a.: from facial * sphenopalatine a.: from maxillary a. * posterior lateral nasal a.: from maxillary a.

Question 46

Sphenopalatime artery (off maxillary a.) creates an anastamosis with which arteries

Answer 46

* greater palatine artery off of the descending palatine a from the maxillary a. * ethmoidal branches of the ophthalmic a.

Question 47

What is kiesselbach's area

Answer 47

highly vascularized area of anastomosis * site of many profuse nasal bleeding

Question 48

What 3 cranial nerves are in the nasal cavity. What type of innervation do they bring

Answer 48

* CN I (special sensory) * CN V1 (somatic sensory) * CN V2 (somatic sensory)

Question 49

olfactory nerve provides what type of innervation to nasal epithelium

Answer 49

special sensory (smell)

Question 50

What comes off of the olfactor bulb and goes through the cribriform plate

Answer 50

olfactory filaments

Question 51

where is olfactory mucosa

Answer 51

restricted to a small area in the superior portion of the nasal cavity inferior to the cribriform plate

Question 52

Ethmoidal branch off of ophthalmic nerve gives off what branch

Answer 52

external nasal

Question 53

function of nasopalatine n.

Answer 53

innervate nasal septum and anterior region of the palate