Larynx

Question 1

Name the 3 main cartilages of the larynx

Answer 1

• thyroid cartilage
• cricoid cartilage
• epiglottic cartilage

Question 2

identify all

Answer 2

red: superior horn
green: inferior forn
blue: lamina

Question 3

What is the proper name of the adam’s apple

Answer 3

laryngeal prominence

Question 4

What joint allos anteroinferior rotation of the thyroid on the cricoid?

Answer 4

cricothyroid joint

Question 5

What part of the epiglottis connects it to the thyroid

Answer 5

stalk

Question 6

identify the properties of the arytenoid cartilage

Answer 6

• green: cricoarytenoid joint
• red: muscular process
• blue: vocal process

Question 7

identify

Answer 7

thyrohyoid membrane

Question 8

What membrane runs from the epigiglottis to the arytenoid cartilage? What 2 ligaments form its superior border and inferior border

Answer 8

• quadrangular ligament
• ary-epiglottic ligament: superior
• vestibular ligament: inferior

Question 9

What membrane runs from the cricoid to the thryoid cartilage? What ligaments makes up the superior border?

Answer 9

• cricothyroid membrane
• conus elasticus: vocal ligament

Question 10

Inferior portion of larynx is known as

Answer 10

vesituble of larynx

Question 11

identify

Answer 11

piriform recess

Question 12

What is the name for the mucosa wrapping around vestibular ligament

Answer 12

vestibular fold

Question 13

What is the name for the mucosa wrapping aorund vocal ligament

Answer 13

vocal fold

Question 14

What lies between the ventricular and vocal folds

Answer 14

laryngeal ventricle

Question 15

What is the space between the vocal folds called? What two spaces does it seperate

Answer 15

• rima glottidis
• sepearates supraglottic region from infraglottic region

Question 16

function of supraghyoid and infrahyoid muscles on the larynx

Answer 16

move the whole larynx

• suprahyoid: elevate larynx
• infrahyoid: depress larynx

Question 17

function of posterior cricoarytenoid muslces

Answer 17

abduction of vocal cords

Question 18

function of lateral circoarytenoid arytenoids

Answer 18

adduction of vocal cords

Question 19

Function of vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscles

Answer 19

shortening, relaxing vocal cords

Question 20

function of cricothyroid muscles

Answer 20

lengthening, tightening of vocal cords

Question 21

origin, insertion, and innervation of cricothyroid muscle

Answer 21

origin: external surface of cricoid arch
insertion: inferior thyroid lamina
innervation: external laryngeal nerve

Question 22

origin, insertion, and innervation of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

Answer 22

O: posterior cricoid lamina

I: muscular process of arytenoid

N: Inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 23

Origin, Insertion, and Innervation of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

Answer 23

O: cricoid arch

I: muscular process of arytenoid

N: inferior laryngeal n.

Question 24

Origin, insertion, and innervation of arytenoids muscles

Answer 24

O: body of arytenoid

I: contralateral arytenoid

N: inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 25

Origin, insertion, and innervation of thyroarytenoid

Answer 25

O: thyroid lamina I: body of arytenoid N: inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 26

Origin, insertion, and innervation of vocalis

Answer 26

O: vocal process of arytenoid I: vocal ligament N: inferior laryngeal nerve

Question 27

Superior laryngeal nerve comes off of what nerve?

Answer 27

Branch of Vagus N.

Question 28

Superior laryngeal nerve has 2 branches, name them:

Answer 28

* external laryngeal nerve: only motor to cricothyroid m. * Internal laryngeal nerve: pierces thyrohyoid membrane to give sensation to supraglottic laryngeal region

Question 29

Where does the inferior laryngeal nerve come from? What type of innervation does it provide?

Answer 29

* continuation of recurrent laryngeal nerve * MOTOR to ALL internal laryngeal muscles * SENSORY to glottis and infraglottic cavity

Question 30

What would you expect from unilateral and bilateral damage to inferior laryngeal n.

Answer 30

unilateral: weak, breathy voice bilateral: little to no phonation at all

Question 31

Cough reflex: what is it? What nerves are responsible

Answer 31

* highly sensitive mucosa of the supraglottic space protects vocal folds and infraglottic cavity * Sensory limb: vagus * Motor limb: vagus

Question 32

All blood and lymph supply is divided by what structure

Answer 32

glottis

Question 33

What is vessels and lymphatics supply the larynx superior to the glottis?

Answer 33

* superior laryngeal vessels: from superior thyroid vessels * lymph follows veins to superior deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 34

What vessels and lymphatics supply the larynx inferior to the glottis

Answer 34

* inferior laryngeal vessels from inferior thyroid vessels * lymph follows veins to inferior deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 35

What ligament is cut during a cricothyrotomy

Answer 35

median cricothyroid ligament

Question 36

Where is a tracheostomy performed

Answer 36

between upper tracheal rings