Larynx Flashcards
Name the 3 main cartilages of the larynx
- thyroid cartilage
- cricoid cartilage
- epiglottic cartilage
identify all
red: superior horn
green: inferior forn
blue: lamina
What is the proper name of the adam’s apple
laryngeal prominence
What joint allos anteroinferior rotation of the thyroid on the cricoid?
cricothyroid joint
What part of the epiglottis connects it to the thyroid
stalk
identify the properties of the arytenoid cartilage
- green: cricoarytenoid joint
- red: muscular process
- blue: vocal process
identify
thyrohyoid membrane
What membrane runs from the epigiglottis to the arytenoid cartilage? What 2 ligaments form its superior border and inferior border
- quadrangular ligament
- ary-epiglottic ligament: superior
- vestibular ligament: inferior
What membrane runs from the cricoid to the thryoid cartilage? What ligaments makes up the superior border?
- cricothyroid membrane
- conus elasticus: vocal ligament
Inferior portion of larynx is known as
vesituble of larynx
identify
piriform recess
What is the name for the mucosa wrapping around vestibular ligament
vestibular fold
What is the name for the mucosa wrapping aorund vocal ligament
vocal fold
What lies between the ventricular and vocal folds
laryngeal ventricle
What is the space between the vocal folds called? What two spaces does it seperate
- rima glottidis
- sepearates supraglottic region from infraglottic region
function of supraghyoid and infrahyoid muscles on the larynx
move the whole larynx
- suprahyoid: elevate larynx
- infrahyoid: depress larynx
function of posterior cricoarytenoid muslces
abduction of vocal cords
function of lateral circoarytenoid arytenoids
adduction of vocal cords
Function of vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscles
shortening, relaxing vocal cords
function of cricothyroid muscles
lengthening, tightening of vocal cords
origin, insertion, and innervation of cricothyroid muscle
origin: external surface of cricoid arch
insertion: inferior thyroid lamina
innervation: external laryngeal nerve
origin, insertion, and innervation of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
O: posterior cricoid lamina
I: muscular process of arytenoid
N: Inferior laryngeal nerve
Origin, Insertion, and Innervation of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
O: cricoid arch
I: muscular process of arytenoid
N: inferior laryngeal n.
Origin, insertion, and innervation of arytenoids muscles
O: body of arytenoid
I: contralateral arytenoid
N: inferior laryngeal nerve
Origin, insertion, and innervation of thyroarytenoid
O: thyroid lamina
I: body of arytenoid
N: inferior laryngeal nerve
Origin, insertion, and innervation of vocalis
O: vocal process of arytenoid
I: vocal ligament
N: inferior laryngeal nerve
Superior laryngeal nerve comes off of what nerve?
Branch of Vagus N.
Superior laryngeal nerve has 2 branches, name them:
- external laryngeal nerve: only motor to cricothyroid m.
- Internal laryngeal nerve: pierces thyrohyoid membrane to give sensation to supraglottic laryngeal region
Where does the inferior laryngeal nerve come from? What type of innervation does it provide?
- continuation of recurrent laryngeal nerve
- MOTOR to ALL internal laryngeal muscles
- SENSORY to glottis and infraglottic cavity
What would you expect from unilateral and bilateral damage to inferior laryngeal n.
unilateral: weak, breathy voice
bilateral: little to no phonation at all
Cough reflex: what is it? What nerves are responsible
- highly sensitive mucosa of the supraglottic space protects vocal folds and infraglottic cavity
- Sensory limb: vagus
- Motor limb: vagus
All blood and lymph supply is divided by what structure
glottis
What is vessels and lymphatics supply the larynx superior to the glottis?
- superior laryngeal vessels: from superior thyroid vessels
- lymph follows veins to superior deep cervical lymph nodes
What vessels and lymphatics supply the larynx inferior to the glottis
- inferior laryngeal vessels from inferior thyroid vessels
- lymph follows veins to inferior deep cervical lymph nodes
What ligament is cut during a cricothyrotomy
median cricothyroid ligament
Where is a tracheostomy performed
between upper tracheal rings
