Posterior Triangle; Root of neck Flashcards
Identify
Mastoid process
Identify
Styloid process
What bone lies anterior in the neck and is suspended
Hyoid bone
Identify
Platysma
origin and insertion of platysma
O: Inferior border of mandible
I: Deltopectoral fascia
Innervation and action of platysma
N: Facial Nerve (CN VII)
A: Draws skin of neck superiorly and corners of mouth inferiorly
Identify
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin and insertion of sternocleidomastoid
O: Manubrium & Medial 1/3 of clavicle
I: Mastoid process
Innervation and action of sternocleidomastoid
N: spinal accessory n (CN XI)
A: Unilateral: lateral flexion; contralateral rotation
Bilat: Inferior flexion & Superior extension
Borders of anterior triangle of neck
- anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
- inferior border of mandible
- anterior midline of neck
Borders of posterior triangle of neck
- posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
- anterior border of trapezius
- middle 1/3 of clavicle
Name the origin and insertion of the scalene muscles
O: Cervical transverse processes
I: anterior & middle: 1st rib
Posterior: 2nd rib
What artery and plexus runs through the interscalene triangle
subclavian artery
Brachial plexus
Identify red and green
red: longus capitis
green: Longus coli
Origin and insertion of longus colli
O: upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebral bodies and middle cervical transverse processes
I: upper cervical vertebral bodies
Origin and insertion of longus capitis
O: middle cervical transverse processes
I: occipital
Innervation of longus colli and longus capitis
cervical anterior rami
action of longus colli and longus capitis
a: both: flex neck
capitis: flex atlanto-occipital joint
identify and “a” and black arrow
a: common carotid
black arrow: subclavian artery
Identify the blue and red arrow
blue: thyrocervical trunk
red: internal thoracic a.
Yellow and green arrow
yellow: vertebral a.
green: costocervical trunk
Name the three arteries coming off of the thyrocervical trunk
- suprascapular
- transverse cervical
- inferior thyroid
What makes up the venous angle
- subclavian vein (I;C)
- internal jugular vein (A;B)
- brachiocephalic vein (G;D)
Identify lymphatics at venous angle (a and e)
a: right lympathic duct
e: thoracic duct
Where does the right recurrent laryngeal artery run?
from the vagus nerve under the right subclavian artery
identify
cervical sympathetic trunk
Identify
phrenic nerve
- lies on the anterior scalene muscle
identify
vagus nerve (CN X)
1/100 people have rib development of the 7th cervical vertebrae. What is a possible complication?
cervical rib in the interscalene triangle can compress subclavian artery and inferior trunk of brachial plexus
Name the 4 muscles of the posterior triangle
splenius capitis
levator scapulae
scalenes
inferior belly of omohyoid
What arteries can you expect to find in the posterior triangle
- transverse cervical a.
- suprascapular s.
- Distal subclavian a.
- dorsal scapular a.
Identify all arrows
black: external jugular vein
red: posterior auricular vein
green: posterior division of the retromandibular vein
*drains into subclavian
What lymph nodes run along the external jugular vein
superficial cervical lymph nodes
Nerves from the cervical plexus (C1-C4 anterior rami) that pass through the posterior triangle. What innervation do they bring?
sensory (cutaneous innervation)
Name the cervical plecus nerves of the posterior triangle that arise from the nerve point of the neck
- lesser occipital
- great auricular
- transverse cervical
- supraclavicular
The nerve point of the neck arises through what muscle
sternocleidomastoid
What CN passes through the posterior triangle of the neck
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
