Anterior Triangle, Neck Flashcards
identify
jugular foramen
What is this? What muscle attaches here?
mastoid notch
- digastric m.
8
digastric fossa
10
Mylohyoid line
13
genial tubercles of mandible
a, b , c
Hyoid bone
a: greater horn
b. lesser horn
c. body
identify
cricoid
identify
digastric muscle
What muscle is the arrow pointing to
stylohyoid muscle
identify
Mylohyoid muscle
identify
Geniohyoid muscle
Origin and insertion of digastric muscle
O: Posterior belly: mastoid notch; Anterior belly: Digastric fossa
I: intermediate tendon (near the lesser horn of the hyoid)
Innervation stylohyoid muscle
facial nerve (CN VII)
Innervation Mylohyoid
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
Innervation of digastric muscle
Anterior belly: Mandibular nerve V3
Posterior belly: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Innervation of geniohyoid muscle
C1 anterior ramus
Omohyoid muscle
Sternohyoid muscle
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Name the 4 infrahyoid “strap” muscles.
- Sternohyoid
- Omohyoid
- Sternothyroid
- Thyrohyoid
Innervation and action of infrahyoid muscles
N: C1-C4 anterior rami
A: depress/stabilize the hyoid
what runs in the carotid sheath
- Common carotid artery
- Vagus nerve
- Internal jugular vein
- Deep cervical lymph nodes
* carotid arteries are medial to internal jugular veins
What is #7
Internal carotid artery
- No branches in the neck
Name the branches of the external carotid artery
- Superior thyroid
- Acending pharyngeal
- Lingual
- Facial
- Occipital
- posterior auricular
- maxillary
- Superficial temporal
Identify
Superior thyroid artery
- Branch off external carotid artery
Identify
Lingual artery
- Coming off of external carotid artery
Identify blood vessel. What foramen does it run through?
- Internal jugular vein
- Jugular foramen
* drains with subclavial vein to form brachiocephalic veins
* runs in carotid sheath
The mandibular nerve is a branch from what CN?
- CN V Trigeminal nerve
- Mandibular nerve is known as CN V3
The nerve to mylohyoid is a branch off of what nerve? What muscles does this nerve innervate?
Madibular nerve (CN V3)
- Innervates Mylohyoid and Anterior digastric muscles
The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) runs into what structure at the split of the common carotid artery?
Carotid sinus and carotid body
What nerve is this? What feature helps you decide this?
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
- Nerve passes under mylohyoid belly on its way to the tongue
Identify. What nerve does this fiber hitchhike on?
Superior root of ansa cervicalis
- off hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
The hypoglossal nerve carries fibers from C1 anterior ramus. What 3 nerves hitchhike?
- superior root and ansa cervicalis
- geniohyoid
- nerve to thyrohyoid
* TAG
Transverse cervical nerve.
- Where is it from?
- What does it innervate?
- C2-C3
- Sensory to skin of anterior triangle
Ansa Cervicalis
- Where does it come from?
- What does it innervate?
- C1-C3; hypoglossal nerve
- motor to infrahyoid muscles
Where does the ansa cervicalis lie in relation to the carotid sheath
superficial to sheath
What 3 ganglion are in the cervical sympathetic chain that can be seen in the anterior triangle of the neck?
- superior cervical ganglion (C1-C4)
- Middle cervical ganglion (C5-C6)
- Inferior cervical ganglion (C7-C8) - Stellate ganglion (C7-T1)
Identify this salivary gland
submandibular gland
What are the 2 side parts and middle part of the thyroid called? What vertebral level does the thyroid lie at?
- 2 Lobes
- Isthmus
- c7-vertebral level
50% of people have what protrusion off of their thyroid gland?
Pyramidal lobe
Arterial and venous supply to thyroid
- Artery: Superior thyroid; inferior thyroid
- Veins: Superior thyroid; middle thyroid; inferior thyroid
10% of people get additonal blood supply to the thyroid gland via what artery? Where does it come from?
- Thyroid ima artery
- Direct branch of the aortic arch or surrounding great vessels
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
Posterior surface of thyroid gland
* blood supply and innervation similar to thyroid gland
What lies in the superficial fascia of the neck?
- Cutaneous nerves
- Blood and lymph vessels
- Platysma muscle
What structures lies in the superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia?
Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
What structures lie in the middle layer of the deep cervical fascia?
Muscular fascia
- infrahyoid muscles
Pretracheal fascia
- thyroid gland
- trachea
- Esophagus
Buccopharyngeal fascia
What structures lie in the deep layer of the deep cervical fascia?
prevertebral fascia
- vertebral column
- vertebral muscles
- brachial plexus
Alar fascia
Identify the deep fascia of the neck
a: Superficial (investing) layer
middle layers
b: muscular layer
c: pretracheal layer
deep layer
d: prevertebral layer
Where does the retropharyngeal space lie? What is its purpose?
- between buccopharyngeal and prevertebral fascia
- Allows pharynx movement during swallowing
What fascia seperates the the “true retropharyngeal space” and the “danger space”?
Alar fascia
- Anterior: space stops at superior mediastinum (fuses with buccopharyngeal fascia) “True retropharyngeal space”
- Posterior: space opens into mediastinum “danger space * area for possible infection
