Anterior Triangle, Neck Flashcards
1
Q
identify
A
jugular foramen
2
Q
What is this? What muscle attaches here?
A
mastoid notch
- digastric m.
3
Q
8
A
digastric fossa
4
Q
10
A
Mylohyoid line
5
Q
13
A
genial tubercles of mandible
6
Q
a, b , c
A
Hyoid bone
a: greater horn
b. lesser horn
c. body
7
Q
identify
A
cricoid
8
Q
identify
A
digastric muscle
9
Q
What muscle is the arrow pointing to
A
stylohyoid muscle
10
Q
identify
A
Mylohyoid muscle
11
Q
identify
A
Geniohyoid muscle
12
Q
Origin and insertion of digastric muscle
A
O: Posterior belly: mastoid notch; Anterior belly: Digastric fossa
I: intermediate tendon (near the lesser horn of the hyoid)
13
Q
Innervation stylohyoid muscle
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
14
Q
Innervation Mylohyoid
A
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
15
Q
Innervation of digastric muscle
A
Anterior belly: Mandibular nerve V3
Posterior belly: Facial nerve (CN VII)
16
Q
Innervation of geniohyoid muscle
A
C1 anterior ramus
17
Q
A
Omohyoid muscle
18
Q
A
Sternohyoid muscle
19
Q
A
Sternothyroid
20
Q
A
Thyrohyoid
21
Q
Name the 4 infrahyoid “strap” muscles.
A
- Sternohyoid
- Omohyoid
- Sternothyroid
- Thyrohyoid
22
Q
Innervation and action of infrahyoid muscles
A
N: C1-C4 anterior rami
A: depress/stabilize the hyoid
23
Q
what runs in the carotid sheath
A
- Common carotid artery
- Vagus nerve
- Internal jugular vein
- Deep cervical lymph nodes
* carotid arteries are medial to internal jugular veins
24
Q
What is #7
A
Internal carotid artery
- No branches in the neck
25
Name the branches of the external carotid artery
* Superior thyroid
* Acending pharyngeal
* Lingual
* Facial
* Occipital
* posterior auricular
* maxillary
* Superficial temporal
26
Identify
Superior thyroid artery
* Branch off external carotid artery
27
Identify
Lingual artery
* Coming off of external carotid artery
28
Identify blood vessel. What foramen does it run through?
* Internal jugular vein
* Jugular foramen
\* drains with subclavial vein to form brachiocephalic veins
\* runs in carotid sheath
29
The mandibular nerve is a branch from what CN?
* CN V Trigeminal nerve
* Mandibular nerve is known as CN V3
30
The nerve to mylohyoid is a branch off of what nerve? What muscles does this nerve innervate?
Madibular nerve (CN V3)
* Innervates Mylohyoid and Anterior digastric muscles
31
The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) runs into what structure at the split of the common carotid artery?
Carotid sinus and carotid body
32
What nerve is this? What feature helps you decide this?
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
* Nerve passes under mylohyoid belly on its way to the tongue
33
Identify. What nerve does this fiber hitchhike on?
Superior root of ansa cervicalis
* off hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
34
The hypoglossal nerve carries fibers from C1 anterior ramus. What 3 nerves hitchhike?
* superior root and ansa cervicalis
* geniohyoid
* nerve to thyrohyoid
\* TAG
35
Transverse cervical nerve.
* Where is it from?
* What does it innervate?
* C2-C3
* Sensory to skin of anterior triangle
36
Ansa Cervicalis
* Where does it come from?
* What does it innervate?
1. C1-C3; hypoglossal nerve
2. motor to infrahyoid muscles
37
Where does the ansa cervicalis lie in relation to the carotid sheath
superficial to sheath
38
What 3 ganglion are in the cervical sympathetic chain that can be seen in the anterior triangle of the neck?
* superior cervical ganglion (C1-C4)
* Middle cervical ganglion (C5-C6)
* Inferior cervical ganglion (C7-C8) - Stellate ganglion (C7-T1)
39
Identify this salivary gland
submandibular gland
40
What are the 2 side parts and middle part of the thyroid called? What vertebral level does the thyroid lie at?
* 2 Lobes
* Isthmus
* c7-vertebral level
41
50% of people have what protrusion off of their thyroid gland?
Pyramidal lobe
42
Arterial and venous supply to thyroid
* Artery: Superior thyroid; inferior thyroid
* Veins: Superior thyroid; middle thyroid; inferior thyroid
43
10% of people get additonal blood supply to the thyroid gland via what artery? Where does it come from?
* Thyroid ima artery
* Direct branch of the aortic arch or surrounding great vessels
44
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
Posterior surface of thyroid gland
## Footnote
\* blood supply and innervation similar to thyroid gland
45
What lies in the superficial fascia of the neck?
* Cutaneous nerves
* Blood and lymph vessels
* Platysma muscle
46
What structures lies in the superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia?
Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
47
What structures lie in the middle layer of the deep cervical fascia?
Muscular fascia
* infrahyoid muscles
Pretracheal fascia
* thyroid gland
* trachea
* Esophagus
Buccopharyngeal fascia
48
What structures lie in the deep layer of the deep cervical fascia?
prevertebral fascia
* vertebral column
* vertebral muscles
* brachial plexus
Alar fascia
49
Identify the deep fascia of the neck
a: Superficial (investing) layer
middle layers
b: muscular layer
c: pretracheal layer
deep layer
d: prevertebral layer
50
Where does the retropharyngeal space lie? What is its purpose?
* between buccopharyngeal and prevertebral fascia
* Allows pharynx movement during swallowing
51
What fascia seperates the the "true retropharyngeal space" and the "danger space"?
Alar fascia
* Anterior: space stops at superior mediastinum (fuses with buccopharyngeal fascia) "True retropharyngeal space"
* Posterior: space opens into mediastinum "danger space \* area for possible infection
