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ppd 7 Flashcards

1
Q

personality disorders

A
  • Characterized by rigid, inflexible thoughts, feelings, actions and impulse regulation.
  • Originates in early development
  • Present since late adolescence/early adulthood
  • Dysfunctional - Sometimes only experienced by others
  • Part of our character/who we are - egosyntone
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2
Q

egosyntone

A

Consistent with self-image, aligns with goals, values and self-view. Seen as ”normal”, cannot imagine otherwise

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3
Q

egodystone

A

Not consistent with self-image or part of the self. Causes conflict and distress

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4
Q

what are normal personality and traits

A
  • habitual ways of thinking, feeling and acting
  • consistent across sitiuations
  • mostly stable across time
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5
Q

which 2 big 5 traits decrease as ppl age

A

extraversion and openness
-* conscientiousness also but less*

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6
Q

why does our personality change as we age

A
  1. biological matturation
  2. envioronmental influences
    - increased responsibility
    - corrective experiences like feedback from the envioronment (conditioning)
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7
Q

how to distinguish PDs from other pathologies

A

PDs are
- presistent
- pervasive
- problematic

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8
Q

prevalence of min 1 PD

A

general population 9 - 13%
out patient - 30 - 50%
inpatient care - 50 - 70 %
higghest in prison samples

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9
Q

what is the life expectancy of PD

A

18 years shorter than average
higherst risk before 44

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10
Q

childhood taruma

A

emotioanl abuse is an importaint predictor
specific corelations
BPD - corelated with sexual, physical abuse and emotioanl neglect
antisocial is correlated with physical abuse
cluster c is corelated with emotional abuse

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11
Q

is pharmacotherapy useful for treatmnet of PDs

A

NO

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12
Q

treatment of OCPD

A

no widely accepted empiricaly based treatment

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13
Q

T/F
OCPD is one of the most prevalent PDs
OCPD is one os the most impairing PDs
its more common in men
there is a significant overlap between OCD, OCPD and HD

A

T
F
F
T - perfectionism

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14
Q

according to freud the obbsesive personality type is stuck in which phase

A

anal

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15
Q

OCPD is related to high or low parental care and higl or low parental overprotection

A

low care high overprotection

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16
Q

what are the differences between OCD and OCPD

A

OCD
- focal obsessions and irrationaly relared compulsions
- ego dystoninc/distressing
- inshight that the symptoms are irrational
- seeks help becasue symproms are bothersome
- low capacity to delay reward
OCPD
- pervasive patterns of obsessional thoughts and behaviors
- not distressed/ ego-syntonic
- little insight,
- seeks help becasue of secondary symptoms
- greater capacity to delay reward

17
Q

what are the 2 opposing views of the difference of AVPD and SAD

A
  1. AVPD and SAD are different becasue one is a personality disorder and the other is a symptom disorder
  2. AVPD is on a spectrum of severity between SAD and AVPD on the more severe end
18
Q

what is the optimal diagnostic criterion for AVPD

A

avoidance of occupational activitivities that involve significant interpersonal contact for fear of criticism, disapproval or rejection

19
Q

bological case conceptualisation of APD

A

mix of biological and environmental factors
- overreactive symapthetic nervous system and low treshold for automomic arousal
- parental oand or peer group rejection

20
Q

interpersonal case conceptualisation of APD

A

relentless parental control aimed at creating a social image leads to humiliation and emberasment over visible flaws

21
Q

cognitive case conceptualisation of APD

A

maldaptive schemas about the self and others
core belief of rejection

22
Q

integrative case conceptualisation of APD

A

biology - hyperirritable, fearful… overreactive symapthetic nervous system
psychology - unjust worldviews, self views - i am inadequate and scared of being rejected
socially - parental ridicule and rejection

23
Q

Treatment guidelines

A
  1. Specialized Psychotherapy (e.g., DBT or ST)
    * Determine what should be treated first in case of comorbidity
    * Additional treatment can be effective (e.g., PTSD, phobias)
    * Integrated treatment for syndrome disorders
  2. Social psychiatric treatment (if first choice is not possible, lack of motivation)
  3. Pharmacotherapy is not useful for treatment personality disorders, only dampens symptoms
    * Possible for comorbid disorder or specific symptoms
    * For support psychotherapy, but should not interfere (too much sedation)
    * Prevent polypharmacy
24
Q

Assessment

A
  • Usually the SCID – 5 is used for assessment
  • Diagnosis based on clinical expertise has low reliability
  • Stereotypes
  • Premature closure
  • Confirmation bias - Interviews force disconfirmation
25
Q

Persistent

A
  • Stable and long duration, since early adulthood
26
Q

Pervasive

A
  • across most situations (and inflexible)
27
Q

Problematic

A
  • causes distress and/or impairment

PDD (12 decks)

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