ppd 12 Flashcards
what is schema therapy
Schema therapy (ST) is an integrative therapy based on a cognitive model that integrates cognitive, behavioral, psychodynamic, and experiential therapies with insights, methods, and techniques from attachment and other developmental theories
what are schemas
schemas are mental representations of oneself relationships and the world
how are maldaptive schemas formed
frustration of basic childhood needs interacts with biological and cultural influences, leading to the development of EMSs
what are schema modes
they are activated shemas with coping strategies that represent patients emotional, cognitive and behavioral state
- can be functional or dysfunctional
- Explains extreme switches and opposites within 1 person
what are the 4 modes and explain each
dysfunctional child mode
- developes in response to frustrated emotional needs in childhood, characterized by intense emotions (vulnerable, angry, impulsive child mode)
dysfunstional parent mode
- internaited negative beliefd about oneself in response to significant others behaviors (puntative, demanding)
dysfunctional coping modes
- reslut form EMS activation to prevent or inverst intense emotional experiences (avoidance, overcompensation)
healthy modes
- functional emotional states (healthy child and healthy perent mode)
what is limited reparenting
Limited reparenting refers to a therapeutic attitude of behaving as a good parental fgure toward patients throughout the treatment, while at the same time respecting the limits of
a professional therapist–patient relationship. By adopting this attitude, therapists model appropriate parental responses and behaviors. through this process patients internalize the therapists rections, strenghtening their healthy adult mode and enabling them to take in the role of a good parent to themselves
therapeutic relationship technique
empathetic confrontation
refers to the way in which therapists react to patients problematic behavior or views. Terapists show understanding and validate the patients’ feelings and needs that led to the problematic behavior, linking them to their early life history and schema mode model. At the same time, therapists also confront patients with the consequences of their behavior in a friendly but explicit way
therapeutic relationship technique
imagery rescripting
used to reprocess aversive childhood memories in order to change maladaptive schemas.
(1) recalling imagery of an unpleasant situation from the perspective of the child; (2) rescripting the situation to a better ending by the patients themselves in their healthy adult modes, at first this uxiliary person is often the therapis
(3) rewinding the scene and experiencing the rescripting from the child’s perspective
diagnostic imagery
patienst imagine a recent emptionally distrubing situation in detail eliciting emotions and memories from childhood(affect bridge)
chair dialogues
involve exploring the patients different modes to adress problematic situations, confront coping modes, soothe child modes and strenghten healty modes. Each chair represents a different mode allowing patients to switch between them to experience and express relevant emotions. thsi technique clarifies the roles of various modes in problematic situations and facilitates change by challening coping mechanisms and reinforcing healthier responses
cognitive techniques
used to educate patients on schemas, coping styles, modes, needs, and emotions. Examples of cognitive techniques are identifcation and reappraisal of schemas and mode-related distortions, pros and cons list of coping modes, diaries and fashcards.
behavioral techinques
the aim is to break behavioral patterns and encourage the developmemt of healthy behaviors, some behavioral techniques are role-play, behavioral experiments, skills training, problemsolving, behavioral activation, or relaxation techniques
ST theory core emotional needs
- We as human beings start with innate emotional needs.
1. Stability, nurturance, safety, acceptance – secure attachment
2. Autonomy, competence, sense of identity
3. Freedom to express needs and emotions.
4. Spontaneity and play
5. Realistic limits and self-control
Proposed 2 extra needs - Fairness – species specific – survival value – innate need with a direct connection to anger
- Self-coherence and the comprehensible world – understand ourselves and outhers
ST theory
Unmet core needs / trauma
↓
Maladaptive Schema’s
↓
Coping w Schema Activation
(influenced by temperament)
↓
Schema Modes
Schema Domains, relate unmet needs to Schemas - 7
- Disconnection and rejection
* Abandonment/instability
* Mistrust/abuse
* Emotional deprivation
* Defectiveness/shame
* Social isolation/alienation - Impaired autonomy and achievement
* Dependency/incompetence
* Vulnerability to harm and illness
* Enmeshment/undeveloped self
* Failure - Overvigilance and inhibition
* Negativity/pessimism
* Emotional inhibition
* Unrelenting standards
* Punitiveness - Other-directedness
* Subjugation
* Self sacrifice
* Approval seeking - Impaired limits
* Entitlement/grandiosity
* Insufficient self-control - Unfairness/Injustice
* Unfairness - Lack of coherence
* Lack of self-coherence
* Incomprehensible world
