PP2 Flashcards
Phonological Awareness:
The ability to think about, reflect on, and manipulate the sound structures of a language.
-Phonological Awareness is the ability to attend to and make judgments about the sound structure of language (Anthony & Lonigan, 2004).
Possible activities:
-dividing words into syllables
-identifying and generating rhymes
-matching words with the same beginning sound
-Blending words by onset and rime
Orthographic Awareness:
The ability to translate spoken language into its written form based on the allowable spelling sequences of a language.
How a letter or letters may represent speech sounds. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzJtxtOAk9E&pbjreload=101
How we represent sounds that go beyond one-to-one correspondence, such as spelling of long vowels and use of consonant doubling.
How letters can and cannot be combined.
Knowledge of positional and contextual constraints (a.k.a. orthotactic rules) on the use of letters, such as not beginning a word with tch.
Semantic Awareness:
The understanding that words have meanings.
Semantic awareness basically allows a child to develop a greater vocabulary and understanding of how words are associated with one another (Paul, et al., 2018).
Remember, this is not just about reciting definitions of novel words; this area is about developing nuanced understanding of how words are connected.
Think about semantic relationships (think about the –nyms):
Synonyms
Antonyms
Morphological Awareness:
The recognition that words can be divided into their component morphemes enabling listeners to identify families of words and their shared meanings.
Morphological awarenessis explicitly thinking about the smallest units of meaning in language, which are called morphemes. These units include root words that can stand alone as words (free morphemes), and all the affixations (bound morphemes) that can be added (International Dyslexia Association, 2017).
At this time, there in no formal, dedicated test to assess this skill.
Consider the role of phonology and the production of affixations.
Syntactic Awareness:
The ability to arrange words in patterns that help a reader or listener to understand novel word meanings and larger concepts not encountered before.
Syntactic awareness is a metalinguistic skill that is defined as the conscious ability to manipulate or judge word-order within the context of a sentence based on the application of grammatical rules (Bowey & Patel, 1988; Cain, 2007).
Phonemic Awareness
is the ability to isolate and manipulate individual sounds (or phonemes), that are important in early word decoding (Justice & Schuele, 2004).
Remember, phonological awareness develops in stages:
Phoneme awareness and identification
Letter identification
Encoding and decoding print
According to ASHA
“It is the position of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) play a critical and direct role in the development of literacy for children and adolescents with communication disorders,including those with severe or multiple disabilities. SLPs also make a contribution to the literacy efforts of a school district or community on behalf of other children and adolescents. These roles are implemented in collaboration with others who have expertise in the development of written language and vary with settings and experience of those involved.”
According to Justice, Invernizzi, & Meier (2002), for younger children, we should examine:
Phonological Awareness
Print Awareness
Letter Name Knowledge
Grapheme-Phoneme Correspondence
Print Motivation
Home Lite
According to Paul, Norbury, and Gosse (2018), for older children, we want to assess:
Morphosyntactic Awareness
Reading Fluency
Comprehension
