Powerpoint - Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics Review Flashcards
The effect of the drug in the body is (does it raise bld sugar levels or b/p):
pharmacodynamics
The effect of the body on the drug is (how it is eliminated or processed in the body):
pharmacokinetics
What are the 5 pharmocokinetic processes that we are concerned about with any drug?
1) liberation
2) absorption
3) distribution
4) metabolism
5) excretion
What is the fraction of a drug which is absorbed into the bloodstream?
Bioavailability
The extent to which a drug is distributed in the body
Volume of distribution
Warfarin has a ___ distribution and digoxin has a ___ distribution (outside of bloodstream)
small, large
How quickly a drug is eliminated from the body
half-life
The short the half-life, the more ___ it is eliminated. The longer the half-life, the ___ it takes to be eliminated.
quickly, longer
Occurs when the amt of drug going into the body exceeds the amt being eliminated, so it begins to accumulate in the bld stream
drug accumulation
The rate of removal of a drug from a theoretical volume
clearance
The higher the clearance, the more ___ the drug is being eliminated. The lower the clearance, the ___ it takes to be eliminated.
quickly, longer
The amount coming in is equal to the amount going out
steady state
Not all drug effects are ___-dependent, but most drug effects are ___-dependent. (The greater the ___, the greater effect you will see)
concentration, dose
Therapeutic and toxic effects of a drug often overlap, such as ___.
chemotherapy
The bigger the dose does not always mean the bigger the effect. This is known as the ___ effect. For example, increasing the dose of morphine will cause a ___ in respirations.
ceiling, decrease
Both drugs are equipotent (5mg), but drug B achieves a greater response than drug A is known as: (drug B is more ___ than drug A, but is also more toxic)
efficacy, effective
Both drugs are equally effective and achieve the same response, but the dose of drug A (5mg) is less than drug B (10mg) and is therefore more ___.
potent
The therapeutic index has a ___ window and ___ window. Chemotherapy is an example of ___ window bc the benefits and adverse events overlap each other. PCN is an example of ___ window, where you get great benefit but little chance for toxicity.
narrow, wide, narrow, wide
What is the science of dosage forms?
Pharmaceutics
What is medicinal chemistry?
The chemistry behind drugs
What is the term that describes how drugs act in the body?
Pharmacology
What is the science of natural products?
Pharmacognosy
What is the combination of pharmacy and economics?
Pharmacoeconomics
What is the science of looking at drugs in populations of patients?
Pharmacoepidemiology
