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ADT Module 1-4 > Arcangelo Chapter 12 - Fungal Infections of the Skin > Flashcards

Arcangelo Chapter 12 - Fungal Infections of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for the group of fungi that infect nonviable keratinized cutaneous tissues?

A

Dermatophytes

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2
Q

What is another term for dermatophytosis?

A

Tinea

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3
Q

What are the five most common types of fungus?

A

1) Trichophyton rubrum
2) Tricophyton tonsaurus
3) Tricophyton mentagrophytes
4) Microsporum canis
5) Epidermophyton floccosum

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4
Q

What are three diagnosis methods for fungus?

A

1) KOH preparation - rod-shaped filaments with branching
2) Culture
3) Wood’s lamp for Microsporum species

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5
Q

Where is tinea capitis located?

A

On the head

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6
Q

How does tinea capitis present?

A

1) scaly, alopecic patches
2) diffuse scaling with round ares of alopecia
3) gray patches with round areas of scaly plaque
4) tender, pustular nodules

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7
Q

Where is tinea corporis located?

A

On the body

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8
Q

Tinea corporis is also called what?

A

Ringworm

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9
Q

How does tinea corporis present?

A

Ring-shaped lesions with well-demarcated margins, central clearing and a scaly border

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10
Q

What is the causitive agent for tinea capitis?

A

T. tonsurans and M. canis

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11
Q

What is the causitive agent for tinea corporis?

A

M. canis and T. rubrum

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12
Q

Where is tinea cruris located?

A

The groin and inguinal folds

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13
Q

Tinea cruris is also called what?

A

Jock itch

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14
Q

How does tinea cruris present?

A

Large, erythematous well- demarcated macular lesions with a clearing center and peripheral spread

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15
Q

What is a common symptom of tinea cruris?

A

Pruritus or a burning sensation

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16
Q

What is the causitive agent for tinea cruris?

A

T. rubrum or E. floccosum

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17
Q

Where is tinea pedis located?

A

On the feet

18
Q

Tinea pedis is also called what?

A

Athlete’s foot

19
Q

How does tinea pedis present?

A

1) Interdigital with scaling and macerations
2) Plantar with diffuse scaling
3) Acute vesicular with bullae on soles, great toe, instep

20
Q

What is the causitive agent for tinea pedis?

A

T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes

21
Q

Where is tinea manus located?

A

On the hand

22
Q

Tinea manus is always associated with what?

A

Tinea pedis (usually unilateral)

23
Q

How does tinea manus present?

A

Diffuse scaling of the palms and grouped vesicles

24
Q

Where is tinea unguium located?

A

On the fingernails and toenails

25
Q

Tinea unguium is also called what?

A

Onychomycosis

26
Q

How does tinea unguium present?

A

Thick, scaly toenails with subungual debris

27
Q

What is the causitive agent for tinea unguium?

A

E. floccosum, T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Candida albicans

28
Q

Topical therapy is used for most skin infections with what exceptions?

A

Tinea capita and tinea unguium

29
Q

What is the first line therapy for tinea corporus, pedis, cruris, or manus?

A

Topical azole antifungals for 2-4 weeks (1 week past cure)

30
Q

What is the first line therapy for tinea capitis?

A

Microsize giseofulvin for 8 weeks with fatty food

31
Q

What is the first line therapy for tinea unguium?

A

Itraconizole with food for 3-4 months (7 days of each month)

32
Q

Where is tinea versicolor located?

A

On the trunk, upper arms and neck

33
Q

Tinea versicolor is also called what?

A

Pityriasis versicolor

34
Q

How does tines versicolor present?

A

As well-defined round or oval macules with an overlay of scales

35
Q

What is the first-line therapy for tinea versicolor?

A

Selenium sulfide solution 1% or 2.5% applied once daily for 15 minutes and then washed off

36
Q

What is the causative agent for tinea versicolor?

A

Pityrosporum ovale

37
Q

Where does candidiasis appear?

A

The skin and mucous membranes (diaper area, oral cavity, intertriginous areas, nails, vagina, and male genitalia)

38
Q

What is the causitive agent of candidiasis?

A

Candidia albicans

39
Q

How does candidiasis present?

A

This differs by the area:
Intertrigo as red, moist papules or pustules
Diaper as erythema and edema, papular lesions, oozing
Interdigital as maceration
Male genitalia as balantitis pustules on glans
Paronchya as red, swollen and separation
Follicular as pustules
Oral as white plaque

40
Q

What is the first-line treatment for candidiasis?

A

Cool soaks with burrow’s solution 2-3 times daily or oral nystatin for 10-14 days

ADT Module 1-4 (21 decks)

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