Powerplant

Question 1

provides the necessary source of power for the flight of airplanes

Answer 1

powerplant

Question 2

engines used by light airplanes that are higher, simpler, and cost effective

Answer 2

reciprocated engines

Question 3

ignites a mixture of air and fuel

Answer 3

spark plug

Question 4

used for spark ignition for reciprocating engines for airplanes

Answer 4

spark plug

Question 5

involves compressing the mixture to raise its temperature to a point where automatic ignition occurs, such as in diesel engines

Answer 5

compression ignition

Question 6

types of cylinder arrangements

Answer 6

radial / inline / v-type / opposed

Question 7

types of operating cycle

Answer 7

two stroke / four stroke

Question 8

methods of cooling

Answer 8

liquid cooled / air cooled

Question 9

poor power to weight ratio || if air cooled, the rear cylinders receive much less cooling air

Answer 9

inline engine

Question 10

very compact, has minimal weight, and excellent air cooling || frontal large area is a penalty for performance

Answer 10

radial engine

Question 11

extremely powerful || a complex machinery that requires a liquid cooling system

Answer 11

v-type engine

Question 12

widely used engine in light airplanes || light and compact || has limited power

Answer 12

opposed type engine

Question 13

main components of a reciprocating engine

Answer 13

crankshaft / crank case / connecting rod / cylinder / piston / spark plug / exhaust valve / intake valve

Question 14

four stroke cycle

Answer 14

intake / compression / power / exhaust

Question 15

indicates the revolutions per minute performed by the crankshaft

Answer 15

tachometer

Question 16

aircraft needs more ______ than _______

Answer 16

torque , power

Question 17

controls the RPM

Answer 17

throttle

Question 18

regulates the amount of fuel and air mixture sent to the cylinders

Answer 18

throttle

Question 19

progressive burning of the whole mixture contained in the cylinder, from the moment it is ignited by the spark plugs, to the point where the exhaust valves are open

Answer 19

normal combustion

Question 20

ensures a smooth build up of temperature and pressure and guarantees that the engine delivers the maximum possible power

Answer 20

normal combustion

Question 21

an uncontrolled, explosive combustion of the mixture, which may cause excessive pressures and temperatures in the combustion chamber, and excessive stress onto the piston, cylinder, and valves

Answer 21

detonation

Question 22

cause of detonation

Answer 22

lower than usual fuel octane/compression ratio of fuel

Question 23

occurs when the mixture ignites ahead of the normal timing

Answer 23

pre-ignition

Question 24

cause of pre-ignition

Answer 24

residual hot spot in the combustion chamber

Question 25

how to clean deposits

Answer 25

push for higher rpm, lean the mixture

Question 26

high temperatures may cause fuel to vaporize inside the fuel lines or the carburetor, forming bubbles which cause momentary losses of power or even stall the engine

Answer 26

vapor lock

Question 27

caused by contamination of fuel by water

Answer 27

fuel lock

Question 28

changes in temperature may cause the condensation of the humidity contained in the air from the fuel tanks, particularly if partially filled

Answer 28

fuel lock

Question 29

its purpose to mix air from the outside with fuel in correct proportions before sending this mixture to the cylinders

Answer 29

induction system

Question 30

fuel and air are mixed before it is sent towards the intake manifold

Answer 30

carburetor

Question 31

fuel is injected directly into the cylinders directly into the cylinders

Answer 31

fuel injection

Question 32

carburetor icing indication

Answer 32

gradual loss of power followed by engine roughness

Question 33

carburetor icing temperature and humidity

Answer 33

21 C and 70% humidity

Question 34

cold air - density relationship

Answer 34

cold air = more dense = cold air sinks

Question 35

hot air - density relationship

Answer 35

hot air = less dense = hot air rises

Question 36

methods used to restore a higher air pressure and thus greatly improve performance

Answer 36

turbocharging and supercharging

Question 37

incorporates a turbine, which is driven by exhaust gases, and a compressor that pressurizes the incoming air

Answer 37

turbocharger

Question 38

system that provides the spark needed to ignite the fuel and air mixture in the combustion chamber

Answer 38

ignition system

Question 39

parts of the ignition system

Answer 39

magnetos / spark plug / ignition switch / wirings

Question 40

source of electrical power at the center of the ignition system

Answer 40

magnetos

Question 41

engine driven device totally independent from the airplane's electrical system

Answer 41

magnetos

Question 42

system that keeps the temperature of the running engine has to be kept within acceptable limits

Answer 42

engine cooling

Question 43

system that lubricates the engine's moving parts, reducing both wear and running temperature

Answer 43

oil system

Question 44

oil is contained in a separate tank, circulated through the engine with the help of a pump

Answer 44

dry sump oil system

Question 45

all oil is carried in a sump which is an integral part of the engine

Answer 45

wet sump oil system

Question 46

designed to provide an uninterrupted flow of clean fuel from the fuel tanks to the engine, in all conditions of flight, and during all approved maneuvers

Answer 46

fuel system

Question 47

uses the force of gravity to transfer fuel to the engine

Answer 47

gravity feed system

Question 48

used to vaporize fuel directly into the cylinders during cold starts

Answer 48

fuel primer

Question 49

engine driven pump draws fuel from the tanks and sends it to the engine

Answer 49

fuel pump system

Question 50

used during engine start, for fuel pump system, and in the event the main fuel pump fails

Answer 50

electric pump

Question 51

avgas 100 color

Answer 51

green

Question 52

avgas 100LL color

Answer 52

blue

Question 53

system that supplies electricity to all aircraft systems apart from the engine

Answer 53

electrical system

Question 54

components of an electrical system

Answer 54

alternator / battery / battery switch / alternator switch / bus bar / voltage regulator / ammeter / all associated wiring

Question 55

AC explaination

Answer 55

two way current

Question 56

DC explanation

Answer 56

one way current

Question 57

part of the electrical system driven by the engine's crankshaft through a belt

Answer 57

alternator

Question 58

stores a limited quantity of electricity used before engine start and in case of emergency

Answer 58

battery

Question 59

monitors the airplane's electrical system

Answer 59

ammeter

Question 60

ammeter full scale minus

Answer 60

alternator has failed

Question 61

ammeter full scale plus

Answer 61

regulator has failed

Question 62

two part switch controlling both the alternator and the battery

Answer 62

master switch

Question 63

comprises of switches and the fuses and/or circuit breakers associated with the various electrical systems

Answer 63

bus bar

Question 64

an airfoil subjected to aerodynamic principles such as drag or stall

Answer 64

propeller

Question 65

thrust through the propeller depends on

Answer 65

shape of the propeller / angle of attack / rpm of the engine

Question 66

angle of incidence of a propeller blade

Answer 66

pitch

Question 67

part of the propeller that allows for uniform thrust to be created from hub to tip

Answer 67

twist

Question 68

effect of small pitch propeller

Answer 68

more efficient during climb

Question 69

effect of high pitch propeller

Answer 69

high speed and low fuel consumption during cruise

Question 70

propeller that allows to vary the pitch

Answer 70

constant pitch propeller

Question 71

part of the propeller that automatically adjusts the pitch during cruise to maintain constant RPM despite changing air loads

Answer 71

governor

Question 72

type of propeller wherein power controlled by the throttle is monitored by a manifold pressure gauge

Answer 72

constant speed propeller