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PPL > POF > Flashcards

POF Flashcards

1
Q

aircraft parts and structures

A

fuselage / powerplant / wings / empennage / landing gear

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2
Q

any device which has been designed for flight

A

aircraft

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3
Q

a category of aircraft which is characterized by the use of both fixed wings and an engine

A

airplane

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4
Q

aircraft certification - categories

A

normal / utility / acrobatic / commuter / transport

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5
Q

pilot certification - category: airplane - classes

A

single engine land / multi engine land / single engine sea / multi engine sea

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6
Q

body or shell that holds passengers and cargo

A

fuselage

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7
Q

types of fuselages

A

truss / monocoque / semi monocoque

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8
Q

steel trusses welded together to form a frame

A

truss-type

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9
Q

still has a frame but their primary structure consists of an exterior surface

A

monocoque

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10
Q

features a cross section frame that’s joined together with stringers

A

semi monocoque

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11
Q

produces thrust to propel an aircraft

A

powerplant

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12
Q

basic parts of a powerplant

A

cowling / propeller / engine / firewall (attachment point)

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13
Q

part of an aircraft designed to produce lift

A

wings

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14
Q

wing planforms

A

elliptical / rectangular / tapered / sweptback / delta

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15
Q

by number of wings

A

monoplane / biplane / sesquiplane

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16
Q

wing position/placement

A

high wing / mid wing / low wing

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17
Q

tail of the plane

A

empennage

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18
Q

parts of a vertical stabilizer

A

rudder

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19
Q

parts of a horizontal stabilizer

A

elevator / trim tabs

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20
Q

reduces the effort which needs to be applied by the pilot onto the controls

A

trim tabs

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21
Q

principal support of the airplane when parked, taxiing, taking off, or landing

A

landing gear

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22
Q

types of landing gear

A

conventional / tricycle type / floats / skids / skis

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23
Q

first law of motion

A

inertia

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24
Q

second law of motion

A

F = ma

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25
Q

third law of motion

A

action - reaction

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26
Q

four forces acting on an airplane

A

lift / weight / thrust / drag

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27
Q

produced due to pressure differential

A

lift

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28
Q

bernoulli’s principle

A

high velocity, low pressure

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29
Q

part of the wings that interact with the air to create lift

A

airfoil

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30
Q

angle at which the chord of an aircraft’s wing meets the relative wind

A

angle of attack

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31
Q

angle between the aircrafts’s longitudinal axis and the chord of the wing

A

angle of incidence

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32
Q

aspect ratio formula

A

AR = b/c || b = span, c = wing area

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33
Q

pressure distribution in an airfoil

A

higher AOA, forward CP || lower AOA, aft CP

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34
Q

types of flaps

A

plain / split / slotted / fowler / slotted fowler

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35
Q

made up of the combined load of the airplane and its fuel, crew, passengers, and cargo which are pulled downward by gravity

A

weight

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36
Q

it opposes lift and acts vertically downward through the airplane’s center of gravity

A

weight

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37
Q

force that propels the airplane forward

A

thrust

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38
Q

retarding force that is caused by disruptions of airflow by the wings, fuselage, and other protruding objects

A

drag

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39
Q

drag generated by the aircraft due to its shape and air flowing around it

A

form drag

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40
Q

aerodynamic resistance due to the contact of moving air with the surface of an aircraft

A

skin friction drag

41
Q

comes from the intersection of airstreams that creates eddy current, turbulence, or restricts smooth airflow

A

interference drag

42
Q

by-product of the creation of lift by the wings

A

induced drag

43
Q

parasite drag increases with airspeed, while induced drag decreases with airspeed

A

total drag

44
Q

airspeed - parasite drag - induced drag

A

high airspeed - high parasite drag - low induced drag

45
Q

pressure differential causes a movement of air along the wings and around the wings

A

wingtip vortices

46
Q

rotating turbulence called a vortex, which is a part of induced drag

A

wingtip vortices

47
Q

used by light airplanes to reduce wingtip vortices. The wing is then slightly twisted with a greater angle of incidence near the wing root

A

washout

48
Q

used by (larger) airplanes to reduce wingtip vortices

A

winglets

49
Q

corresponds to the speed for best range

A

lift to drag ratio

50
Q

the speed which would allow to travel the longest horizontal distance, during a glide following an engine failure

A

lift to drag ratio

51
Q

the upwash and downwash are altered and the induced drag is considerably reduced

A

ground effect

52
Q

height where ground effect is noticeable

A

height = wingspan

53
Q

state of equilibrium

A

T = D || L = W

54
Q

axes of an airplane - longitudinal axis

A

aileron - roll

55
Q

axes of an airplane - lateral axis

A

elevator - pitch

56
Q

axes of an airplane - vertical axis

A

rudder - yaw

57
Q

force that makes a body follow a curved path - a center seeking force. It attracts a body toward its axis of rotation

A

centripetal force

58
Q

experienced as an outside force pulling an object away from the center of rotation

A

centrifugal force

59
Q

the force resulting from the combined effect of gravity and centrifugal force

A

G-force

60
Q

positive g

A

increasing weight and load

61
Q

negative g

A

decreasing weight and load

62
Q

zoom climb

A

speed is lost, altitude is gained

63
Q

steady climb

A

speed is maintained, altitude is gained

64
Q

what is balanced in a coordinated turn

A

horizontal component of lift and centrifugal force

65
Q

overbanking tendency explain

A

inner wing travels shorter distance = lower speed and less lift || outer wing travels greater distance = higher speed and more lift

66
Q

overbanking tendency fix

A

aileron differential

67
Q

the natural and undesirable tendency for an aircraft to yaw in the opposite direction of a roll

A

adverse yaw

68
Q

ratio between lift and weight of an aircraft

A

load factor

69
Q

influence of engine torque on aircraft movement and control

A

torque effect

70
Q

encountered when a force is applied to raise the tail, which results in a deflection of the propeller from its plane of rotation felt 90 degrees away in its direction of rotation

A

gyroscopic precession

71
Q

anytime the pilot pulls on the yoke, the descending blade of the propeller momentarily has a larger angle of attack than the left blade, thus more thrust is generated by the right side of the propeller

A

asymmetrical thrust

72
Q

the rotating movement of the propeller at high speed induces a spiraling motion to the slipstream. Part of it strikes the left side of the vertical stabilizer

A

spiraling slipstream

73
Q

stall recognition

A

high AOA / airframe buffeting or shaking / warning horn or light / loss of lift

74
Q

stall recovery

A

reduce AOA / add power

75
Q

occurs when directional control is lost during a stall

A

spin

76
Q

spin recovery

A

power idle / ailerons neutral / rudder opposite of spin / elevator level

77
Q

the quality of an aircraft to correct for conditions which may disturb its equilibrium, and to return and continue on the original flight path

A

stability

78
Q

the quality of an aircraft which permits it to be maneuvered easily and withstand stress

A

maneuverability

79
Q

the capability of an aircraft to respond to the pilot’s control especially with regard to flight path and attitude

A

controllability

80
Q

the initial tendency displayed by an aircraft after its state of equilibrium - in which all opposing forces acting on the aircraft are balanced, has been disturbed

A

static stability

81
Q

initial tendency of the airplane to return to its original state of equilibrium after being disturbed

A

positive static stability

82
Q

initial tendency of the airplane to remain in a new condition after its equilibrium has been disturbed

A

neutral static stability

83
Q

the initial tendency of the airplane to continue away from the original state of equilibrium after being disturbed

A

negative static stability

84
Q

refers to the response over time of an aircraft displaying positive static stability after its equilibrium is disturbed

A

dynamic stability

85
Q

tendency of the airplane to return to its original attitude directly through a series of decreasing oscillations

A

positive dynamic stability

86
Q

tendency of the airplane to return to its original attutude through a series of oscillations of constant amplitude

A

neutral dynamic stability

87
Q

tendency of the airplane to return to its original attutude through a series of increasing oscillation

A

negative dynamic stability

88
Q

quality which makes an airplane stable about its lateral axis

A

longitudinal stability

89
Q

longitudinal stability involves what motion

A

pitch motion

90
Q

quality which makes an airplane stable about its longitudinal axis

A

lateral stability

91
Q

lateral stability involves what motion

A

rolling motion

92
Q

measured by the angle made by each wing above a line parallel to the lateral axis

A

dihedral

93
Q

one in which the leading edge slopes backward, when rolling, the lower wing will present its leading edge perpendicular to the relative wind and will generate more lift than the higher wing

A

sweepback

94
Q

when the airplane sideslips, a larger surface above the cg is exposed to the relative wind, helping to return the airplane to its original position

A

keel effect

95
Q

having high wing aircraft’s weight suspended below their wings, it also restores lateral balance due to gravity

A

pendulum effect

96
Q

maintan balance between the different flight characteristics for the high wing, sweptback aircrafts

A

anhedral

97
Q

quality which makes an airplane stable about its vertical axis

A

directional stability

98
Q

directional stability involves what motion

A

yawing motion

PPL (10 decks)

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