power and the people key events SIMPLE

Question 1

MAGNA CARTA 1215
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 1

CAUSE: king john abusing power - raising taxes, losing wars, ignoring laws and punishing barons.
EVENT: barons forced king john to sign the magna carta at runnymede - fair trials, limits on tax raising.
CONSEQUENCE:
short term failure - john ignored them long term - influence on democracy

Question 2

SIMON DE MONTFORD
PARLIAMENT 1265
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 2

CAUSE: henry III ignored the provisions of oxford so the barons rebelled
EVENT: simon called parliament including knights and commoners
CONSEQUENCE: first time commoners had a political voice

Question 3

PROVISIONS OF OXFORD 1258
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 3

CAUSE: henry III was ruling badly - overspending, losing wars and giving key jobs to foreigners. barons wanted more control over decisions.
EVENT: the barons forced henry to accept the provisions of oxford. it meant a council of 15 barons would advise the king, parliament would meet 3 times a year and the king had to consult the barons before making decisions.
CONSEQUENCE:
henry later rejected the provisions - leading to the second barons war
simon de montfort defeated henry at the battle of lewes
simon called the new parliament with commoners
laid foundations for house of commons

Question 4

PEASANTS REVOLT 1381
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 4

CAUSE: poll tax, black labour shortage
EVENT: marched to london, demanded rights & killed officials - leaders wat tyler & john ball
CONSEQUENCE: wat tyler killed promises broken, short term failure

Question 5

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR & CHARLES I
1642 - 1649
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 5

CAUSE: charles I divine right, tax without consent & religious tension
EVENT: civil war between parliamentarians and royalists - parliament won
CONSEQUENCE: parliamentarians won, charles I executed in 1649, first time a monarch was held accountable by the people

Question 6

AMERICAN REVOLUTION 1776
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 6

CAUSE: no taxation without representation, british laws imposed on colonies - stamp tax
EVENT: colonies declared independence & defeated britain
CONSEQUENCE: inspired democratic movements worldwide

Question 7

GREAT REFORM ACT 1832
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 7

CAUSE: unfair voting system with rotten boroughs and no votes for industrial cities like manchester
EVENT: votes given to middle-class men and removed rotten boroughs
CONSEQUENCE: first major step in making parliament more democratic

Question 8

CHARTISTS 1838-1850
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 8

CAUSE: wanted votes for all men, secret ballots & MPs to get paid - 6 points in total
EVENT: used petitions and protests
CONSEQUENCE: short term failure - demands rejected at the time but most were later achieved

Question 9

PETERLOO MASSACRE 1819
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 9

CAUSE: wanted reform
EVENT: peaceful protest for reform cavalry attacked them & 18 were killed
CONSEQUENCE: showed fear of revolution and lead to later reforms

Question 10

POOR LAW AMENDMENT ACT 1834 CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 10

CAUSE: poverty and expensive poor relief
EVENT: poor had to go to harsh workhouses
CONSEQUENCE: seen as cruel and sparked protests

Question 11

TOLPUDDLE MARTYRS 1834
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 11

CAUSE: six farmers arrested for forming trade union & swearing an oath about it
EVENT: were punished by being sent to australia to work in chain gangs
CONSEQUENCE: public outcry - 10000 marched and they were pardoned and returned, boosted trade union movement

Question 12

MATCH GIRLS STRIKE 1888
DOCKERS STRIKE 1889
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 12

CAUSE: poor pay and low working conditions
EVENT: used strikes and protests
CONSEQUENCE: successful strikes and inspired new unions for unskilled workers

Question 13

WOMENS RIGHTS
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 13

CAUSE: votes for all
EVENT: suffragists (NUWSS) did peaceful and long term campaigning
suffragettes: militant (WSPU) used protests, hunger strikes and violence
CONSEQUENCE: women worked male jobs during WWI
vote was granted in 1918 for 30+
full vote granted in 1928 for all women

Question 14

RACE RELATIONS ACTS
1965 1968 1976
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 14

CAUSE: discrimination against immigrants during the windrush era
EVENT: acts were passed
CONSEQUENCE: now illegal to discriminate against races in housing, jobs and in public spaces

Question 15

STEPHEN LAWRENCE CASE 1993
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 15

CAUSE: investigating institutional racism
EVENT: black teenager was murdered - police failed investigation
CONSEQUENCE: exposed institutional racism - macpherson report, changed metropolitan police racism

Question 16

CORN LAWS 1815 - 1846
CAUSE
EVENT
CONSEQUENCE

Answer 16

CAUSE: series of laws that put high taxes / tariffs on imported corn to protect british landowners so people would buy british grain
EVENT: kept price of bread high, poor couldnt afford, needed basic food, favoured rich landowners, famines.
used petitions and public meetings, pamphlets and posters, penny post and railways / newspapers to spread message nationwide.
CONSEQUENCE: anti-corn law league
wanted to repeal corn lawns, bring down food prices, promote free trade and reduce power of landowners
sir robert peel repealed to corn laws which split the tory party and he had to resign but saved lives due to famines. government responded to public pressure