Potassium Flashcards
What is the normal range for potassium?
3.5-5
Potassium shifts with ___
Hydrogen
What is the main job of potassium?
to maintain pH and maintain Action potential in neurons
What two things increase cellular uptake of potassium?
Insulin and catecholamines
What is the adequate intake of potassium?
40-60 mEq a day
Where is potassium mostly found?
in the muscles or neurons
What hormone increases excretion of potassium?
Aldosterone
What are some causes of actual hypokalemia?
Inadequate intake
Excessive renal loss
Excessive GI losses
What can cause excessive renal loss of potassium?
Kidney Failure
Hyperaldosteronism
What can cause excess loss of GI potassium?
Ng suction
illiostomy
loop diuretics
Black liquorish
In realitive hypokalemia, the potassium shifts from ____ to the ____
ECF to ICF
During Alkalosis potassium moves ____ cells and H+ moves ___
into
out of
What are 4 causes of realitive hypokalemia?
Alkalosis
INcreased insulin
Tissue repair
Water intoxication
How does hypokalemia manefest in the cardiovascular system?
it increases the risk of digoxin toxicity
Orthostatic Hypotension
**ECG changes **
How does hypokalemia manefest in the respiratory system?
Metabolic alkalosis
How does Hypokalemia affect deep tendon reflexes?
the decrease because of slow repolarization
What four aspects are monitored for during hypokalemia?
Serum potassium
ECG changes
Electrolyte levles
I&O
How does hypokalemia affect the renal system?
Causes increased urine production and inability to concentrate urine
What three lab findings support hypokalemia?
Trending plasma levels
Elevated pH and Bicarb
Elevated glucose
What three electrolytes tend to decrease with potassium?
Calcium, Chloride, and Magnesium