Fluid's Flashcards
What are the major electrolytes of the ICG?
Potassium
Phosphates
What are the major electrolytes of the ECF?
Sodium
Chloride
What is the major force of IV fluid therapy?
Osmosis
What are the 6 main elements that require active transport?
K, Na, H, Fe, Cl, I
What is the key assessment in fluid balance?
Weight
What is the major solute in plasma?
Sodium
Increased BUN is a major indicator of what?
Dehydration
What is Hydrostatic pressure?
Pushing force of fluid against the walls of the space it occupies
What is oncotic pressure?
Where does it occur?
The pulling force of proteins in the vascular space.
In the capillary beds
How much do kidney’s filter a day? This amount is called?
150-180L
The GFR
Water conservation begins after the body loses ______% of body fluids?
1-2%
ADH is also known as ____
Why?
Vasopressin
Because it causes Vasoconstriction
The main goal of ADH is to _____
It does this by_____
Conserve Water
Targeting the Distal tubules of the nephron
ADH release is triggered by what three things? The opposite of these things _____ ADH
Drop in BP
Drop in Blood volume
Rise in Blood osmolarity
Inhibit
ADH is released from the ____
Posterior Hypothalamus
Aldosterones main goal is to____
It does this by _____
Save Sodium and Water
Initates resorption of sodium. Water follows
Aldosterone is released by the ____ in response to the ____system.
Adrenal gland
Renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system
What three things trigger the system that releases aldosterone?
Drop in BP
Drop in Blood volume
Drop in Na and increase in Potassium
Glucocorticoids are released by the ___ their main goal is to ___
Adrenal glands
cause the kidneys to conserve sodium and water
Glucocorticoids are released in response to ___
stress
ANP is relased when ______
The atria of the heart are stretched r/t increased BP or blood volume
The main goal of ANP is to ____
It does this by___ (4things)
Lower BP and Blood Volume
- Vasodilation
- Decreases Aldosterone
- Decreases ADH
- Increases GFR(more urine more water excreted)
When is BNP released?
When the ventricles are stretched r/t increased blood pressure and volume
What is the main goal of BNP
How is this goal achieved? (3 things)
To decrease Blood volume and pressure
- Vasodilation
- Decreased aldosterone
- Causes Diuresis of water and Na
BNP is a key lab for ____
CHF
Small shifts in _____ cause thirst
Serum osmolarity
Receptors that trigger thirst are found in the ____
They can be triggered by as little as ___ mOsm/L change
Hypothalamus
1
When thirst is triggered so are these 2 hormones
ADH and Aldosterone
When you drink water, it takes _____ minutes to be absorbed and distributed
30-60
Water is absorbed in your _____
Colon
What is the minimum fluid intake?
30ml/kg/day
How do you calculate minimum fluid intake?
100 ml/kg for the first 10Kg
50 ml/kg for the next 10Kg
20ml/kg for the remaining Kg’s