Pain

Question 1

What is pain? (three things)

Answer 1

Complex
individual
invisible

Question 2

What is pain according to margo McCaffery

Answer 2

Whatever the patient says it is

Question 3

What are the three theories of pain?

Answer 3

Specificity
Pattern
Gate Control

Question 4

What is the specificity theory of pain?

Answer 4

Neurons and pathways are specific for diff. types of pain

Question 5

WHat is the pattern theory of pain?

Answer 5

Rapid and slow fibers form a pattern

Question 6

What is the gate control theory?

Answer 6

• most relevant and most used in assessment*
• impulses can be modulated and blocked
• Stimulation of large fibers can inhibit small fibers
• Stopping inpulse in spine befor it reaches the brain

Question 7

What are the functions of pain?

Answer 7

Protection
Alerts to harmful stimuli
Elicits escape
Most common reason people seek care

Question 8

Acute pain is ____

Answer 8

Temporary
Sudden
easily located

Question 9

Acute pain can range from ___

Answer 9

Mild to severe

Question 10

Untreated acute pain can develop into chronic pain after ____

Answer 10

3/6 months

Question 11

Chronic pain is____

Answer 11

Persistant, irritable, and interferes with life

Question 12

Chronic pain can cause what physciological effects?

Answer 12

Depression, despair, hopelessness, fatigue

Question 13

What are the three physiologic sources of pain?

Answer 13

Somatic
Visceral
Neuropathic

Question 14

What is somatic pain?

Answer 14

Pain from the skin and subcutaneous tissues

Pain from the bones, muscles, blood vessels, CT

Question 15

What are the qualities of somatic pain?

Answer 15

Sharp, dull, buring, achy, cramping

Question 16

What is visceral pain?

Answer 16

Pain in the organs and linings of the body (hard to pinpoint sometimes)

Question 17

What qualities does visceral pain have?

Answer 17

Stabbing, diffuse, deep

Question 18

What is neuropatic pain?

Answer 18

Pain in the nerve fibers, spinal cord, and CNS

Question 19

What qualities does neuropathic pain have?

Answer 19

Burning, shooting, phantom limb

Question 20

What does phantom pain feel like?

Answer 20

Squeezing crushing

Question 21

What is phychogenic pain?

Answer 21

Pain from the mind

Question 22

What is pain tolerance?

Answer 22

Ability to endure pain before something is done. increases with age

Question 23

What is breakthrough pain?

Answer 23

Occurs when there is a complaint of pain that isnt covered with scheduled meds

Question 24

what is intractable pain?

Answer 24

Pain resistant to therapy

Question 25

What are the four main barriers to pain relief?

Answer 25

- Healthcare professionals - Healthcare system (access, resources) - Clients (Language, bad experiances, not believed) - Education (fear of addiction or theft of meds)

Question 26

What does COLDSPA stand for?

Answer 26

``` Character Onset Location Duration Severity Pattern Associated factors ```

Question 27

What are 4 ways to measure pain?

Answer 27

0-10 scale Non-verbal ques Neonatal infant pain scale NIPS Oucher scale 0-10 or 0-100

Question 28

What are some collaborative probles associated with pain?

Answer 28

Knowlege deficit Lifestlye choices ineffective coping

Question 29

Pain relief is clinically significant if there is a decrease by ____

Answer 29

30% or 2 points