Postural Control & Movement Disorders Flashcards
What are the 3 postural reflexes?
- Righting
- Protective
- Equilibrium
What is postural control?
1) Change in COG- close to head to pelvis with sitting
2) shift from static stability to dynamic mobility
3) acquisition of motor milestone
4) influence of tone vs. strength
What does the postural reflexes do?
Acts as a primarily to align the head with the body to keep the head upright position and maintain equilibrium
What does antigravity help with?
Muscle Development
What is the prerequisites order of postural control development for later position?
- Prone: superman, extension
- Supine: flexion
- Sitting
- Quadruped: creeping for wt. bearing
- Standing
What is antigravity position?
1) ability to move against gravity with all body parts, particularly in prone and supine position.
2) shift from lateral to midline movement
3) changes in head and trunk control and extremity movement
What are the steps of antigravity position?
- Mobility
- Stability
- Mobility superimposed on stability
- Skill
Jerky response, zero control in a newborn - infants are in a flexion pattern of mobility and have no control of limbs
MOBILITY
Head control develops first - center of gravity in the chest
STABILITY
Static stability - don’t move head - maintain stable base of neck - skilled control
MOBILITY SUPERIMPOSED ON STABILITY
Start to seek their interest like a bottle - rely on stability
SKILL
maintain body alignment - development of balance (bringing self back to center)
righting reactions
reactions to external disturbances - reactive or compensatory (ex: extend arms when falling)
protective reactions
tilting reactions help to return the body to a vertical position after being tilted - maintain balance
equilibrium reactions
how much tension in muscle fibers at a starting point - innate state of muscles
TONE
Equivalent to force
STRENGTH
when you learn a new motor skill/pattern
praxis
What are the 3 components of praxis?
1) ideation
2) planning
3) execution
difficulties/deficits in praxis
dispraxia
turning head to the side - just moving your head around is what RIGHTING REACTION?
neck on body
one unit log rolling is what RIGHTING REACTION?
body on body
ball skills require what response?
anticipatory responses
What is it called when reflexes HAVEN’T been integrated?
residual primitive reflexes
Skilled motor actions are developed through……
bilateral coordination
