Chapter 3 : Development of Childhood Occupations

Question 1

What theory is when movement progresses from primitive reflex patterns to voluntary controlled movements?

Answer 1

Neuromaturational Theory

Question 2

In neuromaturational theory, low level skills are prerequisites for…..

Answer 2

higher level skills (ex: sit before crawl)

Question 3

What theory is when performance or action patterns emerges from interaction and cooperation of many systems

Answer 3

Dynamic Systems Theory

Question 4

Theory does not explain the ______ in development

Answer 4

variance

Question 5

Combinations of tasks that have meaning to the child

Answer 5

occupations

Question 6

These define a child’s role in school, home and community…..

Answer 6

occupations

Question 7

What gives clues to have a child is learning?

Answer 7

play

Question 8

what surrounds and supports the child?

Answer 8

environment

Question 9

How long is gestation in prenatal development?

Answer 9

40 weeks

Question 10

What are the 3 phases of the prenatal developmental process?

Answer 10

1) germinal
2) embryonic
3) fetal

Question 11

What phase of prenatal development is when the ectoderm develops nails, hair, skin, sensory organs, neural tube?

Answer 11

Germinal phase

Question 12

What connects to the embryo by umbilical cord?

Answer 12

placenta

Question 13

low uterine attachment; near cervix, results in preterm birth and fetal distress at and before delivery

Answer 13

placenta previa

Question 14

placenta separates from uterus - usually 3rd trimester

Answer 14

placenta abrupto

Question 15

membrane filled with amniotic fluid, encases baby and provides sensory support and input as baby grows

Answer 15

amniotic sac

Question 16

What phase of prenatal development is when major body systems develop?

Answer 16

embryonic phase

Question 17

What phase of prenatal development is when possible birth defects such as cleft palate, missing limbs and blindness can occur?

Answer 17

embryonic phase

Question 18

What phase of prenatal development is when sex organs develop, muscle develops, major organs complete formation, etc?

Answer 18

fetal phase

Question 19

What happens when baby is moving in amniotic sac?

Answer 19

the baby moves against resistance which builds muscle which in turn builds bone

Question 20

What months is the second trimester?

Answer 20

4-6 months

Question 21

The age of viability is during what trimester?

Answer 21

2nd

Question 22

What months is the third trimester?

Answer 22

7-9 months

Question 23

During which trimester does the baby establish a pattern of sleep and wake and has increased weight gain?

Answer 23

3rd

Question 24

What is used to assess a newborns physical condition?

Answer 24

Apgar Score

Question 25

can result in birth defects, blindness, deafness, heart abnormalities and brain damage

Answer 25

rubella

Question 26

caused by a parasite in uncooked meat, cat feces that can cause prenatal blindness and brain damage

Answer 26

toxoplasmosis

Question 27

early on this disease can not cross the placenta and can be cured with prenatal care - if not, can lead to bone, liver and brain damage

Answer 27

syphilis

Question 28

can lead to meningitis

Answer 28

H-flu virus

Question 29

A newborn is in physiological ______ with UE adducted and flexed and LE's flexed and pelvis high

Answer 29

flexion

Question 30

why are newborns in constant flexion?

Answer 30

to protect themselves

Question 31

involuntary physical response to a given stimulus

Answer 31

reflexes

Question 32

This REFLEX is the baby's face is turned to one side, the arm and leg on the side to which the face is turned extend and the arm and leg on the opposite side flex.

Answer 32

ATNR (asymmetric tonic neck reflex)

Question 33

This is known as the startle REFLEX and is a response to a sudden loss of support, when the infant feels as if it is falling

Answer 33

MORO reflex

Question 34

This REFLEX occurs after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked. The big toe then moves upward or toward the top surface of the foot. The other toes fan out.

Answer 34

Babinski reflex

Question 35

The Babinski reflex is an indicator of efficient ______

Answer 35

myelination

Question 36

This REFLEX is when a newborn infant will turn his head toward anything that strokes his cheek or mouth

Answer 36

Rooting reflex

Question 37

This REFLEX causes the child to instinctively suck anything that touches the roof of their mouth, and simulates the way a child naturally eats

Answer 37

Suck/swallow reflex

Question 38

This REFLEX happens when stroking the palm of a baby's hand causes the baby to close his/her fingers in a grasp

Answer 38

Grasping reflex

Question 39

This REFLEX happens when the soles of their feet touch a flat surface they will attempt to 'walk' by placing one foot in front of the other

Answer 39

Stepping reflex

Question 40

The stepping reflex is in preparation of......

Answer 40

voluntary motor movement

Question 41

Infants are driven by _____ and then get ______

Answer 41

motor, sensory

Question 42

(infancy) uses more visual, still has grasp reflex, may begin battling at objects in visual field

Answer 42

up to 3 months

Question 43

(infancy) visual inspection of reach; baby brings hands to midline

Answer 43

4 months

Question 44

(infancy) transfers objects, palmar grasp

Answer 44

5-6 months

Question 45

(infancy) inferior pincer grasp (cheerio grasp)

Answer 45

9 months

Question 46

at what age can the infant distinguish language?

Answer 46

6 months

Question 47

at what age can the infant imitate sounds?

Answer 47

8 months

Question 48

What are some physical development characteristics of 2-5 yr olds?

Answer 48

1) gains primary teeth 2) becomes slimmer 3) CNS - rapid development, myelination 4) bones are stronger 5) stronger abs

Question 49

What are some motor skills characteristics of 2-5 yr olds?

Answer 49

1) walks, runs, etc 2) gains strength 3) increased balance 4) chewing, biting new textures

Question 50

What are some fine motor characteristics of 2-5 yr olds?

Answer 50

1) finger tip grasp 2) imitation with crayon, circle, lines 3) holds spoon, fork 4) begins scissor use

Question 51

What are some cognitive/language characteristics of 2-5 yr olds?

Answer 51

1) combines objects 2) imitates household tasks 3) egocentric 4) autonomy 5) feels shame, pride, joy, anger, empathy

Question 52

What are some psychosocial characteristics of 2-5 yr olds?

Answer 52

1) watches others play 2) limited pretend, social play 3) parallel play 4) possessive

Question 53

What are some physical development characteristics of 6-12 yr olds?

Answer 53

1) growth slows 2) compares themselves to others 3) lose baby teeth

Question 54

What are some gross motor skill characteristics of 6-12 yr olds?

Answer 54

1) increased control of bodies 2) increased motor planning 3) rides bikes, swim, etc 4) make up rules as they go!

Question 55

What are some fine motor characteristics of 6-12 yr olds?

Answer 55

1) master handwriting 2) finger games 3) begins drawing w/ good coordination

Question 56

What are some cognitive characteristics of 6-12 yr olds?

Answer 56

1) problem solving 2) new memory skills 3) understands time and space

Question 57

What are some psychosocial characteristics of 6-12 yr olds?

Answer 57

1) focus on school subjects 2) same sex peer group 3) less egocentric

Question 58

In prenatal development, what develops when hair, nails, skin, sensory organs and neural tube develops?

Answer 58

Ectoderm

Question 59

In prenatal development, what is it called when the digestive system, liver, pancreas and respiratory system WILL develop?

Answer 59

Endoderm

Question 60

What are some examples of teratogenic diseases?

Answer 60

1) rubella 2) toxoplasmosis 3) syphilis 4) H-flu virus 5) AIDS

Question 61

Newborns can focus how many inches away?

Answer 61

10"

Question 62

What kind of pressure calms the infant?

Answer 62

tactile: firm pressure calms ; light pressure will alert

Question 63

What is theory of mind?

Answer 63

theory for how most humans understand that another person has different desires and feelings (someone else has different opinions than you)