Posterior Leg Flashcards
Gluteus Maximus attachments
Posterior sacrum, ilium and iliotibial tract
What movements does Gluteus Maximus control
Hip - extension
What nerve supplies Gluteus Maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve, L4 - S2
Gluteus Maximus
Supine - Knee ben 90deg, leg off the side of table. Your hand hand Pts foot. Resist downwards movement.
Prone - Knee bent, lifted slightly off table. Place one hand on hamstrings and resist upwards movement while your other hand supports upper leg.
Caution - Don’t do in a case of low back pain.
Gluteus Medius attachments
Iliac crest to ilium and greater trochanter
What movements does Gluteus Medius control
Hip - Abduction, internal rotation
What nerve supplies Gluteus Medius
Superior gluteal nerve, L4 - S1
Gluteus Medius
Supine - Knee bent 90deg. Hand superior to ankle. Resist outward movement while other hand stabilises knee on opposite side.
Prone - same.
Side-lying - Pt leg straight at 0deg flexion, abducted 30deg. Place hand superior to ankle and resist upwards movement.
Gluteus Minimus attachments
Posterior ilium and anterior surface of greater trochanter.
What muscles does Gluteus Minimus control
Hip - Abduction, internal rotation
What nerve supplies Gluteus Minimus
Superior gluteal nerve, L4 - S1
Gluteus Minimus
Supine and prone, use same tests as glut min.
Side-lying - Leg straight in 15deg. Hand superior to ankle. Resist upwards movement.
Piriformis attachments
Anterior sacrum and greater trochanter
What movements does Piriformis control
Hip - external rotation
What nerve supplies Piriformis
Superior gluteal nerve, L4 - S1
Piriformis
Supine - Knee bent 90deg. One hand inside, superior ankle and other inside Pts knee, Resist inward movement of the ankle.
Prone - same.
Biceps Femoris attachments
Ischial tuberosity and head of fibula
What movements does Biceps Femoris control
Hip - extension
Knee - flexion, external rotation
What nerve supplies Biceps Femoris
Sciatic nerve - tibial branch, L4 - S3
Biceps Femoris
Supine - Knee bent, foot turned out. Place hand superior to clients heel. Resist knee flexion.
Prone - Same, may have to place hand on hamstring to prevent cramping.
Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus attachments
Semitendinosus - Ischal tuberosity and pes anserinus
Semimembranosus - Ischial tuberosity and medial tibial condyle.
What movements does Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus control
Hip - extension
Knee - flexion, internal rotation
What nerve supplies Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus
Sciatic nerve - tibial branch, L4 - S3
Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus
Same as bicep femoris.
Popliteus attachments
Lateral condyle of femur and posterior proximal tibial shaft.
What movements does Popliteus control
Knee - internal rotation, Flexion
What nerve supplies Popliteus
Tibial branch, L4 - S3
Popliteus
Supine - Leg straight, with hand under Pts knee to slightly flex it. Other hand superior to medial heel with foot slightly turned in. Resist knee flexion.
Prone - Leg straight, heel turned in. Hand on Pts heel, resist first 10-15deg of flexion.
Obturator internus attachments
Ischium and greater trochanter of femur below piriformis
Obturator internus movements
Lateral rotation of hip
Obturator internus nerve supply
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
Obturator internus
Prone - Knee bent and laterally rotated, foot angled toward mid calf.
Hand on opposite side of Pts ankle, resist inward and downward movement.
Obturator externus
Ischium, obturator foramen and greater trochanter of femur
Obturator externus movements
Lateral rot of hip
Obturator externus nerve supply
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
Obturator externus
Supine - knee bent 90, hip abducted to 45. One hand outside knee to support other hand inside ankle. Resist inward and outward movement.
