Posterior Hip and thigh Flashcards
Gluteus Maximus
O: Thoracolumbar fascia; Gluteal fossa of the iliac wing; Sacrotuberous ligament; Posterior and inferior sacrum and coccyx
I: Gluteal tuberosity of the femur; Iliotibial band
I: Inferior gluteal nerve
A: External rotate at the hip; Extension of the thigh at the hip; Abduct the thigh at the hip
Gluteus Medius
O: Gluteal fossa of the iliac wing
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
I: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Abduction of the thigh at the hip; Internal rotation of the thigh at the hip (anterior fibers); External rotation of the hip (Posterior fibers)
Working as a whole: Stabilizer of the pelvis
Gluteus Minimus
O: Gluteal fossa of the iliac wing
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
I: Superior gluteal nerve
A: Internal rotation of the thigh at the hip; Abduction of the thigh at the hip
Deep muscles of the hip (posterior)
Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
Piriformis
O: Anterior surface of the sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
I: Branches of the sacral plexus
A: External rotation of the thigh at the hip; Abduction of the thigh at the hip (if thigh is flexed)
Superior gemellus
O: Spine of the ischium (Ishial spine)
I: Greater trochanter of the femur
I: Branched of the sacral plexus
A: External rotation of the thigh at the hip ; Abduction of the thigh at the hip (if thigh is flexed)
Inferior gemellus
O: Tuberosity of the ishium (ishial tuberosity)
I: Greater trochanter of fthe femus
I: Branches of the sacral plexus
A: External rotation of the thigh at the hip, Abduction of the thigh at the hip (if the thigh is flexed)
Obturator internus
O: Obturator membrane
I: Greater trochanter of the femur; Trochantaric fossa
I: Branches of the brachial plexus
A: External rotation of the thigh at the hip
Quadratus femoris
O: Tuberosity of the ishium (ishial tuberosity)
I: Interotrochantaric crest of the femur
A: External rotation of the thigh at the hip; Adduction of the thigh at the hip
Sciatic nerve
Passes under piriformis and above superior gemellus
Obturator externus
O: Obturator membrane
I: Trocahntaric fossa
A: Adducts the thigh at the hip (in flexion); Laterally/externally rotates the thigh at the hip
Biceps femoris : Long head
O: Tuberosity of the ishium (ishial tuberosity)
I: Head of the fibula; Lateral condyle of tibia
I: Tibial Nerve
A: Extension of the thigh at the hip; Flexes the leg at the knee; laterally rotaes the leg if the leg is flexed
Biceps femoris: Short head
O: Linea aspera
I: Head of fibula; Lateral condyle of tibia
I: Common peroneal nerve
A: Flexes the leg at the knee; Laterally rotates the leg if the leg is flexed
Semitendinosis
O: Tuberosity of the ishium (ishial tuberosity); Sacrotuberous ligament
I: Pes anserinus (proximal tibia)
I: Tibial nerve
A: Extends the thigh at the hip; Flexes the leg at the knee; Internally rotates the leg at the knee
Semimembranosis
O: Tuberosity of the Ishium (Ishial Tuberosity)
I: Medial condyle of the tibia
I: Tibial nerve
A: Extends the thigh at the hip; Flexes the leg at the knee; Internally rotate the leg at the knee
Palpable features of the bones of the hip
Iliac crest/Tuberculum Greater trochanter Ischial tuberosity Pubic symphysis Pubic Tubercle Patella Adductor tubercle Lateral epicondyle of femur Medial epicondyle of femur
Which to ligaments conver the greater and lesser sciatic notches to foramens?
Sacrotuberous ligaemnt
Sacrospinal ligament
What ligament attaches the head of the femur to the acetabulum?
The foveal ligament
Exteracapsular ligaments
Provides extra stability by limiting hip movement
Anterior:
Ileofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
Posterior:
Ischiofemoral ligament
Fascial compartments of the thigh
Anterior (femoral n)
Posterio (Sciatic n)
Medial (obturator n)
Sacral plexus
Arises from nerve roots L4-S4 to innervate muscles of the gluteal region and the entire lower limb
Branches include: The superior gluteal nerve The inferior gluteal nerve The nerve to piriformis Sciatic nerve
Femoral and obturator nerve arises from the lumbar plexus (L2-L4)
Gluteal region
Buttocks and hips
Superficial gluteal muscles:
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Deep gluteal muscles: Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
