Posterior Compartment of the Leg

Question 1

Gastrocnemius (Lateral Head)

Answer 1

O: Lateral aspect of Lateral Condyle of Femur
I: Posterior surface of Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon
N: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)
A: Plantarflexes Ankle when Knee is Extended; Raises Heel during Walking; Flexes Leg at Knee Joint

Question 2

Gastrocnemius (Medial Head)

Answer 2

O: Popliteal Surface of Femur; Superior to Medial Condyle
I: Posterior surface of Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon
N: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)
A: Plantarflexes Ankle when Knee is Extended; Raises Heel during Walking; Flexes Leg at Knee Joint

Question 3

Soleus

Answer 3

O: Posterior aspect of Head and superior 1/4 of posterior surface of Fibula; Soleal Line and middle 1/3 of medial border of Tibia; and Tendinous Arch extending between the bony attachments
I: Posterior surface of Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon
N: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)
A: Plantarflexes Ankle independent of position of Knee; Steadies Leg on Foot

Question 4

Plantaris

Answer 4

O: Inferior end of Lateral Supracondylar Line of Femur; Oblique Popliteal Ligament
I: Posterior surface of Calcaneus via Calcaneal Tendon
N: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)
A: Weakly assists Gastric in Plantarflexing Ankle

Question 5

Popliteus

Answer 5

O: Lateral surface of Lateral Condyle of Femur and Lateral Meniscus
I: Posterior surface of Tibia, superior to Soleal Line
N: Tibial Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
A: Weakly Flexes Knee and Unlocks it by Rotating Femur 5 degrees on fixed Tibia; Medially Rotates Tibia of unplanted limb

Question 6

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 6

O: Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of Fibula; Inferior part of Interosseous Membrane
I: Base of distal Phalanx of Great Toe
N: Tibial Nerve (S2, S3)
A: Flexes Great Toe at all joints; weakly Plantarflexes Ankle; Supports Medial Longitudinal Arch of Foot

Question 7

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 7

O: Medial part of Posterior surface of Tibia Inferior to Soleal Line; by a broad tendon to Fibula
I: Bases of Distal Phalanges of Lateral 4 digits
N: Tibial Nerve (S2, S3)
A: Flexes Lateral 4 Digits; Plantarflexes Ankle; Supports longitudinal arches of the foot

Question 8

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 8

O: Interosseous Membrane; Posterior surface of Tibia Inferior to Soleal Line; Posterior surface of Fibula
I: Tuberosity of Navicular, Cuneiforms, Cuboid, and Sustentaculum Tali of calcaneus; Base of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Metatarsals
N: Tibial Nerve (L4, L5)
A: Plantar Flexes Ankle; Inverts Foot