Post WWII Flashcards
Who is in ruins after WWII?
Germany and Japan
What happened at the Potsdam Conference?
The Allies meet to decide to divide Germany & Berlin into four
What is the United Nations?
An international organization that hopes to achieve world peace
Who are the five permanent members of the United Nations?
US, Soviet Union, China, G.B, and France
What power do the permanent members of the U.N. have?
The power to veto
What is the U.N. criticized for?
They are all bark, no bite
What country was founded by the U.N.?
Israel
What is Zionism?
The movement for Jewish homeland
What is the definition of the Cold War?
A rivalry between U.S. & Soviet Union that was a competition, fought politically& economically, for power & influence
How is the U.S different from the USSR?
The U.S has democratic principles, individual freedom, a two party system, and capitalism
How is the USSR different from the U.S?
The USSR has a state-run economy, a one party system, suppression of religion, and communism
What are Satellite Nations?
The countries under Soviet rule
List the Satellite Nations
Poland, Romania, and Manchuria
What is the term that we use because we don’t know what is going on in the Soviet Union?
The Iron Curtain
What is the Policy of Containment?
The policy to restrict expansion
What does the Truman Doctrine state?
The U.S. must support all free people resisting attempted conquest
When did the Nuclear Arms race start?
When the Soviets successfully built their first Atomic bomb
What is the Marshall Plan?
The 12 billion dollar European recovery program that is used to prevent Western Europe’s collapse
What is the Berlin Airlift?
It’s when Eastern Europe flew resources into Western Berlin. This event saved Western Europe and embarrassed the Soviets
What is NATO?
The alliance that defends Western Europe from a Soviet invasion
What does NATO stand for?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
What is the Warsaw Pact?
The alliance that defends Eastern Europe from a Western Europe invasion
What country did communism come to power in?
China
Who led the Chinese nationalist party?
Chiang Kai-Shek
Who led the Chinese communist party?
Mao Zedong
Which part of Korea was communistic and which part was democratic?
The North was communistic and the South was democratic
Who controlled North Korea?
The Soviet Union
Who controlled South Korea?
The U.S
What is the 38th Parallel?
The line that divides North & South Korea
Who attacked who first and what did it start?
North Korea invaded South Korea first and started the Korean War
Who was the overall commander of U.S forces during the Korean War?
MacArthur
What is the Pusan Perimeter?
It’s the defensive line in the south east corner of the peninsula surrounding the port city of Pusan
What’s the Invasion of Inch’on?
It’s the amphibious assault to recapture Seoul that can be considered as risky
Why does China enter the Korean War and which side do they fight on?
Mac’s advancements across the Yalu River threaten China, so they enter the war on North Korea’s side
Why was MacArthur fired?
- Mac criticized Truman publically
- He sends a message of unconditional surrender
- Insubordination
Who won the election of 1952?
Eisenhower
Who is Eisenhower?
He’s a republican and he was a supreme allied commander who wanted to resist communism & end the war
Who is president when the Korean War ends?
Eisenhower
How did IKE (Eisenhower) pressure peace talks?
He hints at Nukes use
What are the armistice’s agreements?
That Korea is 2 nations and the 38th parallel is the border
What will IKE pursue goals through?
Diplomacy and the CIA
How will IKE pursue goals through the CIA?
He uses the CIA to gather strategic info and pursue his cold war goals
What is the U-2 Incident?
A U.S spy plane was shot down and captured in Russia. The U.S claimed that it was a weather plane and, when they did that, Russia released the footage that they got from the plane to show that the U.S was lying.
What is the name of the pilot of the U-2 Incident?
Gary Powers
What does the House Un-American Activities do?
They investigate liberal groups, unions, and peace organizations
Who are the Hollywood Ten?
They were a group of writers & directors who were blacklisted
Who was Alger Hiss?
He was accused of spying for Russia. He would use Pumpkin Papers to send info to Russia
Who are Julius & Ethel Rosenberg?
They were spies for Russia and took Atomic Secrets, they were eventually caught and executed
Who was Joseph McCarthy, what does he do, why, and what was his downfall? (Work In Progress)
He was a Senator from Wisconsin who headed the investigation committee. His downfall was that he was accusing a lot of people without any evidence, guilty until proven innocent
Who was Edward Murrow?
He was a Newscaster from “See It Now”
Hydrogen Bombs
They are 1000x stronger and pushed the army race
Who was Billy Graham?
A priest
What is Duck and Cover?
It’s what they taught people to do if there was a nuclear attack
Bomb Shelters
They made concrete & steel igloos that had a radio, batteries, and 2 weeks worth of food
What is Sputnik?
The first artificial satellite
Who were Russian spies?
Alger Hiss and Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
