Post World War - Mr Jerwood

Question 1

How did the rationalisation of Association Football change the game in the 19th Century?

Answer 1

Urbanisation.
More free time (less time working in the factories).
Improved transport: (fans were able to travel).
Increased professionalism (played professionally via broken work time payments.
Social class links (middle class influence and approval gave football more respectability. Higher moral code and etiquette).

Question 2

What was the Bosman Ruling?:

Answer 2

A European Court of Justice decision made on the 15th December 1995 concerning freedom of movement for workers. An important decision as it allowed the freedom movement of labour in the European Union. It effectively allowed footballers within the EU to move at the end of their contract to another club without a transfer being paid

Question 3

Define commercialisation.

Answer 3

The process of attempting to gain money from an activity e.g. sport.

Question 4

Define sponsorship

Answer 4

When a company pays for their products to be publicly displayed or advertised, usually as an attempt to increase the sales of there goods.

Question 5

Define merchandising.

Answer 5

The practise in which the brand or image from one ‘product’ is used to sell another, e.g. professional sport,

Question 6

What are the characteristics of commercialisation on sport?

Answer 6

Wide media coverage.
Athletes as commodities.
Contracts.
Entertainment.
Professional sports.
Sponsorship and business.

Question 7

What are some of the effects of commercialisation on professional performers?

Answer 7

They will receive high incomes for participation in sport.

Question 8

What are the reasons why companies invest large amounts of money into sport?

Answer 8

Increased sales.
Creates an association with excellence at the highest levels of sport.
Increased brand awareness/ adds value to the brand.
Improves company morale.
Creates an association with the healthy image of sport.
Sponsorships can decrease the amount of tax paid by a company.

Question 9

Define globalisation.

Answer 9

The process whereby nations are increasingly being linked together and people are becoming more independent via improvements in communication and travel.