Post war America Flashcards
What revived the American economy?
SWW
How did the war boost American industries?
Lend lease
War bonds
War time production
When did FDR set up war time production?
1942
What was the war time production board/why was it set up?
To organise production & recruitment of workers to meet increase demand for war goods
How many weapons had America sold by 1944?
Half the worlds weapons
Who became involved in war time production after criticising the new deal?
Business leaders
How many new business’ were made during the war?
500,000
When was lend lease set up?
1941
What was lend lease?
It was a scheme to send weapons and materials to American allies immediately
How many materials were sent from America to nations that were against Germany?
$50billions worth
Who did FDR set up the war time production board under?
Industrialist W.Kausden
What were citizens encouraged to invest in?
War time bonds
What were war time bonds?
They gave the government money and they promised to return it in later years
When did America join the SWW?
1941
How many women joined the armed forces?
300,000
How many women joined the workforce?
7 million
Why did women join the workforce?
They replaced men who had gone to fight
How many people worked in factories producing war goods?
14 million
How many new workers did the General Motors industry have?
750,000
What was included in the General Motors industry?
The making of shells, bombers and tanks
How many people migrated from rural south to urban north?
4 million workers
What did workers in demand increase?
Wages
Why did people migrate from south to north?
As most manufacturing jobs were in the north
How did farmers benefit from SWW?
Food exports increased so farmers got huge boost
How many African American soldiers were in the US army?
1 million
How was the racism problem highlighted in the USA because of the war?
As USA was fighting racism/discrimination in Germany so didn’t make sense racism was going on at home in USA
How did the UK highlight racism problem in USA?
As in the UK there was less racial discrimination than the USA
How many members did the NAACP gain during the war?
They had 500,000 members by the end of SWW
What revived the American economy?
SWW
How did the war boost American industries?
Lend lease
War bonds
War time production
When did FDR set up war time production?
1942
What was the war time production board/why was it set up?
To organise production & recruitment of workers to meet increase demand for war goods
How many weapons had America sold by 1944?
Half the worlds weapons
Who became involved in war time production after criticising the new deal?
Business leaders
How many new business’ were made during the war?
500,000
When was lend lease set up?
1941
What was lend lease?
It was a scheme to send weapons and materials to American allies immediately
How many materials were sent from America to nations that were against Germany?
$50billions worth
Who did FDR set up the war time production board under?
Industrialist W.Kausden
What were citizens encouraged to invest in?
War time bonds
What were war time bonds?
They gave the government money and they promised to return it in later years
When did America join the SWW?
1941
How many women joined the armed forces?
300,000
How many women joined the workforce?
7 million
Why did women join the workforce?
They replaced men who had gone to fight
How many people worked in factories producing war goods?
14 million
How many new workers did the General Motors industry have?
750,000
What was included in the General Motors industry?
The making of shells, bombers and tanks
How many people migrated from rural south to urban north?
4 million workers
What did workers in demand increase?
Wages
Why did people migrate from south to north?
As most manufacturing jobs were in the north
How did farmers benefit from SWW?
Food exports increased so farmers got huge boost
How many African American soldiers were in the US army?
1 million
How was the racism problem highlighted in the USA because of the war?
As USA was fighting racism/discrimination in Germany so didn’t make sense racism was going on at home in USA
How did the UK highlight racism problem in USA?
As in the UK there was less racial discrimination than the USA
How many members did the NAACP gain during the war?
They had 500,000 members by the end of SWW
By 1944 how many African Americans worked in factories?
2 million
How much did paid employment increase from in 1941 to 1944?
1941-35%
1944-50%
How many workers in plane construction were women?
1/3
After the war, what were women expected to do?
Return to looking after household
What happened between 1945-1970?
Economy grew rapidly
More people shared the wealth
What became the normal in post war America?
Hire purchase
What was the American dream?
Dream to have latest goods and best quality of life
What was average Americans life like compared to average British person?
3x better
How many households owned a TV in 1958 compared to 1948?
1948- less than 1% owned a TV
1958- 83% households owned TV
What was on TV’s that increased demand for goods?
Adverts
They used American Dream idea for advertising
How much did gov spending ride by from 1941 to 1944?
$20 billion to $97 billion
As people were persuaded to save money in war bonds
Why did isolationism end?
Because of the attack on pearl harbour?
What were some new businesses that started up?
Coca Cola, Wrigley
How did USA suffer less than other western war countries?
As USA suffered no main land fighting
What music came about in 1950s?
Rock and roll
When was the second red scare?
Late 1940s to early 1950s
Why did the second red scare happen?
As Russia was taking over Eastern Europe so there was a fear communism would spread to America
Who would US congress inspect as suspected communists?
People who didn’t display American freedom virtues
What campaign did Senator Joe McCarthy set up?
Campaign against communists using lies and rumours
What did congress set up to investigate communist involvement in the government, education and film industry?
House committee of un-American activities
HUAC
Who was Senator Joe McCarthy?
Man who accused many people to be communists, many were found guilty with no proof. He eventually was investigated by senate sub-committee for going too far. Was televised and they showed McCarthy to be a bully.
What did HUAC do?
Barred people working in Hollywood because of their investigations against communists
When was HUAC originally set up?
1938
Factors INSIDE USA that helped McCarthy fear communism?(3)
USA gov was scared enough they set up HUAC to follow up McCarthys claims
Anti-communist headlines in newspapers, TV, news and radios
McCarthy has strong allies eg J Edgar Hoover-director of FBI
International factors that help McCarthy make Americans fear communism?(3)
Soviet expansion already had Americans scared of takeover
Fall of China 1949
Korean War 1950 as USA troops supported S.Korea
