Post Laboratory Yeast Morphology and Reproduction Flashcards
eukaryotes
exist in a unicellular state
few are pathogens
several fermentation processes
yeasts
a mat made up of
intertwining thread like
hyphae
true mycelium
- the filaments that
compose the body of the
fungus
hyphae
a number of buds in
succession that remain
joined for a period of
time
pseduomycelium
pseudomycelium grows in ____
aerobic conditions
reduced
way of reproduction of pseudomycelium
budding
true mycelium may give rise to
arthrospore
blastospore
to give rise to an
organism(s) which are
genetically identical to
the parent
what reproduction
asexual
most yeasts do this
what kind of reproduction
asexual
examples of asexual spores
arthrospore
blastospore
chlamydospores
results from fusion of
two opposite mating types of the same species
sexual spores
sexual spores include
basidiospore
ascospore
asexual spores can be reproduced through
budding
fission
yeast that is undergoing fission
schizosaccharomyces
yeast that is undergoing budding
saccharomyces sp
formed
in a sac (ascus)
what kind of sexual spore
ascospore
ormed externally on
a pedestal (basidium)
what kind of sexual spore
basidiospore
yeast cultures include
Candida parapsilosis
* Debaryomyces hansenii
* Hansenula anomala
* Endomycopsis burtonii
* Pichia fermentans
* Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Observe for the presence of TRUE MYCELIA and
PSEUDOMYCELIA
what method
dalmau plate method
Observe for colony morphology on PDA and ACA
plates: surface, edge or margin, color and texture
what procedure
cultural characteristics
- Observe the shape of the vegetative cell, presence
of visible internal structures, method of asexual
reproduction
what procedures
asexual reproduction
- Observe ascospores (or basidiospores, if present)
what procedures
method of sexual reproduction
Candida parapsilosis
expected results on: dalmau plate method
pseudomycelium
Candida parapsilosis
expected results on: cultural characteistics
wrinkeld form
undulate margin
raised elavation
white colored
roguh
Candida parapsilosis
expected results on: aseuxal reproduciton
budding
ovoid, elliptical and elongated
Candida parapsilosis
expected results on: mode of sexual reproduction
1-4 hat shaped ascospores
saccharomyces cerevisiae
expected results on: dalmau plate mthod
pseudohyphae (pseudomycelia actual)
What is the purpose of the
coverslip in Dalmau plate?
Aids in focusing and prevents the objective to
be contaminated by inadvertently lowering it
into the inoculated agar
Provides the partial anaerobiosis condition
How is Schizosaccharomyces
morphologically different from
Saccharomyces?
Linear, rod shaped cells
Fission as the asexual mode
of reproduction
schizosaccharomyces
Linear, rod shaped cells
Fission as the asexual mode
of reproduction
Globous or ellipsoidal in
shape
Budding as the asexual
mode of reproduction
saccharomyces
Provides nutrient base for
luxuriant growth of most
fungi and dextrose that
serves as a growth
stimulant
what agar
potato dextrose agar
A nitrogen-deficient
“starvation” medium
what agar
aCA
Has low nutrient
concentration thereby
inducing the spore
formation, therefore the
cell will become resistant
to starvation
what media
McConkey Agar
Weak binding dye to the cell wall and spore wall
what stain for ascospore staining
malachite green
Make spore wall more permeable to malachite green
Malachite green will attach to the peptidoglycan
steaming
Rapid growth in population
asexual reproduction
More genetic diversity to
allow adaptations
sexual reproduction
What other characteristics
should be used to accurately
identify yeasts?
Biochemical tests
Physiological tests
Molecular identification
early colonies white and velvelty, later becoming green or black, vesicles carrying sterigmata on part of whole vesicle
aspergillus
rapid growth, white at first, later becoming green or other colors, velvety or powdery surface, septate hyphae, branching conidiophores and chains of conidia
penicillum
rapid growth, thin white cottony, later ecoming green or yellow green and powdery, septate hyphae, short branched conidiophores with clusters of conidia
trichoderma
rapid growth, white cottony surface later becoming pink, rose, purple, or yellow in color
fusarium
very rapid growth, dense cottony mycelia, first white, later gray or yellowish brown, non septate hyphae, unbranched sporangiophores arising
rhizopus
rapid growth dense white fluffy surface later becoming gray or yellowish brown
mucor
mucor is septate/non septate fungi
non septate
rhizopus is septated/non septated fungi
rhizopus
sporangiophores simple: or
branched; columella round,
cylindrical or pear-shaped;
no stolons or rhizoids;
spores smooth and regular
mucor
rhizoids and stolons
present; sporangiophores
arise at the node where
rhizoids are also formed;
sporangia usually large and
black; columella
hemispherical with cupshapetl apophysis
rhizopus
septated fungi include (7)
aspergillus
penicillium
geotrichum
trichoderma
cladosporium
alternaria
fusarium
septated, brancheci
mycelium usually
uncolored; conidiophore or
stalk septate arise from foot
cell; conidiophore swells,
vesicles bearing sterigmata
from which the conidia are
cut-off; conidia in chains
aspergillus
septa tet{ branching mycelia;
conidiophores br.anched or
unbranched; brushJike
spore heacls, sterigmata or
phialides borne in clusters
anrl essentially in one plane
penicllum
yeast-like fungi; growth
appear as firm, felFlike
mass which later become
soft and creamy;septated
hyplla, dichotomously
branched; arthrosporesrectangular (submerged),
oval (aerial)
geotrichum
many branched
condiophores, final branch
being a sterigma which cuts
off spherical to slightly
ovate, bright green conidia
int<l slimy balls
trichoderma
seplate and dark mycelia;
largc’ sporeheads, tree-like
clusters of dark conidia
(buds); dark, ovate, budding
conidia- one-celled when
young, two-celled when old
cladosporium
dirty gary-green, loose,
wooly septate mycelium;
large, ovate to inverted dubshaped multicellular conidia
witjr both cross and
lorrgihrdinal or diagonal
walls; conidiophore bearing
a chairr of ccnidia with the
blunt ecige of each conidium
towards the mycelium;
conidiophores branched or
unbranched
alternaria
several-celled, slckle-shaped
macroconidium; one-celled,
ovoid or oblong
microconidia usually are
also preseng conidia borne
singiy or in chains
fusarium
teleomorph (perfect or
sexual state) of Fusaium;
ascigerous form of,
sp o ral a ti o n; ch aract niz ed
by deep blue or purple
p erithecia; fusoid one septate ascospore
fusarium
various shape of yeast cell
ovoid
elongate
cylindrical
ellipsoidal
subglobose
spheroidal
apiculate
check various sizes of yeast cell
+1
type of asci and ascospore
hat shaped
spherical
reniform
saturn shaped
filamentous structure arising from mature buds which do not detach from the mother cell
pseudomycelium
filamentous structure resulting from continuous growth of the hyphal tip
true mycelium
