POS 101 - Week 1

Question 1

Politics

Answer 1

the struggle over power and influence within an organization

Question 2

Government

Answer 2

ultimate authority within a society; resolves conflicts through
decision-making; determines winners and losers; determines who gets what

Question 3

Liberty

Answer 3

the freedom of an individual that is consistent with the freedom of others
within a society

Question 4

Order

Answer 4

a state of peace and order protecting members of society from crime and
violence

Question 5

Authority

Answer 5

the right of a government to enforce decisions and compel obedience

Question 6

Consent

Answer 6

government and laws exist through legitimacy

Question 7

Legitimacy

Answer 7

popular control of a government and its powers

Question 8

Natural Rights

Answer 8

(John Locke) superior to human law that includes life, liberty, and property

Question 9

Social Contract

Answer 9

Voluntary association designed to secure rights and welfare by
creating a government and following its rules

Question 10

Confederation

Answer 10

an agreement between individuals to respect each other’s decisions while working together as a central government with limited powers over states

Question 11

Political Typology

Answer 11

mutually exclusive political subject categories

Question 12

Define: Types of Government

Answer 12

variations of governmental structures and purposes

Question 13

What are the 4 types of government?

Answer 13

• Totalitarian
• Authoritarian
• Aristocracy
• Democracy

Question 14

Totalitarian

Answer 14

a form of government with total control of society and politics

Question 15

Authoritarian

Answer 15

a form of government under the authority of a ruler

Question 16

Aristocracy

Answer 16

a form of government ruled by the upper class

Question 17

Democracy

Answer 17

a form of government under the authority of the people

Question 18

What are the 2 types of democracy?

Answer 18

• Direct Democracy
• Representative Democracy

Question 19

Direct Democracy

Answer 19

governmental decisions are made by the people directly

Question 20

Representative Democracy

Answer 20

governmental decisions are made indirectly by representatives of the people

Question 21

Define: Types of Rule

Answer 21

variations of decision-making authority

Question 22

What are the 3 types of rule?

Answer 22

• Majority
• Elite
• Plural

Question 23

Majority (type of rule)

Answer 23

greatest number of people determine the policies, who will lead

Question 24

Elite (type of rule)

Answer 24

small number of people who exercise power over a large number to
further their self-interest

Question 25

Plural (type of rule)

Answer 25

decision-making is controlled through bargaining and compromise of groups of like-minded individuals

Question 26

Political Ideology

Answer 26

set of beliefs about politics

Question 27

What are the 4 types of political ideology?

Answer 27

- Conservative - Liberal - Socialism - Libertarian

Question 28

Conservative

Answer 28

a belief in a limited role in government assistance; support for traditional values; resistant to change

Question 29

Liberal

Answer 29

a belief that the government should assist individuals, strong on civil rights, open to change

Question 30

Socialism

Answer 30

a belief in social and economic equality; businesses ran by government and employee cooperatives

Question 31

Libertarian

Answer 31

a belief that scrutinizes and opposes government control of society

Question 32

Governmental Systems

Answer 32

relationships between state and national governments

Question 33

What are the 3 types of governmental systems?

Answer 33

- Confederal system - Federal system - Unitary system

Question 34

Confederal system

Answer 34

system of government where independent states have equal power and the state governments has limited power over the central government

Question 35

Federal system

Answer 35

power is divided between the central government and the state government

Question 36

Unitary system

Answer 36

centralized governmental system where states have only the powers given to them by the central government

Question 37

Government Power

Answer 37

distribution of authority and control

Question 38

What are the 4 types of government power?

Answer 38

- Concurrent - Enumerated - Implied - Inherent

Question 39

Enumerated (government power)

Answer 39

powers specifically granted to the national government by the Constitution

Question 40

Implied (government power)

Answer 40

powers reasonably necessary to carry out powers expressly given to the national government

Question 41

Inherent (government power)

Answer 41

powers held by the national government as a sovereign state to preserve itself

Question 42

Inalienable Rights

Answer 42

all men are created equal with rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Question 43

Federalist

Answer 43

those individuals who favored a strong central government

Question 44

Anti-Federalist

Answer 44

those individuals who favored strong state governments

Question 45

When was the Articles of Confederation created?

Answer 45

1777

Question 46

When was the Declaration of Independence signed?

Answer 46

July 4, 1776

Question 47

Concurrent (government power)

Answer 47

powers held jointly between national and state governments