Portugal Flashcards
Describe the process of Mutage
Arresting fermentation with the addition of spirit while sugar is still present
What is the capacity of a Port Tun? What is the capacity of a shipping pipe of Port?
Tun: 954 Liters
Pipe: 534.24 liters
What is a ‘casta’? What is the most widely grown red ‘casta’ in Portugal?
Casta is a synonym for grape varietal.
Castelao, originally from Tejo. Known for Fonseca’s ‘Perequita’ brand.
For what casta is ‘Jaen’ a synonym?
Mencia
List two synonyms for the Touriga Nactional grape
Mortagua Preto, Bical Tinto
What is the most widely grown white ‘casta’ in Portugal? List two names
Maria Gomes aka Fernao Pires
What is the grape Esgana Cao aka
Sercial
Describe the Duoro Wine Company classification of Port Vineyards:
The 335 best vineyards are classified as __(a)__, marked with stones and reserved for the English market. ___(b)___, the lesser vineyards, were set aside for the domestic market. Today the ‘____(c)____‘ carries out regulatory functions.
a) Feitoria
b) Rama
c) Douro Port Wine Institute
The ‘Lei de Tergo’ stipulates what?
A Port shipper may sell no more than 1/3 of its inventory, annually
What score out of what total must a vineyard achieve in order to be given an ‘A’ benficio rating? ‘B’ rating?
A-1,201 out of a total of 2,361 points.
B- 1,001-1,200
The maximum yield for red Port grapes in the Douro is (a) hl/ht. For white, _(b)__ hl/ht. The preferred red grapes must make up a minimum of __(c)__% of the blend.
___(d)____ is a terracing system where rows are planted in vertical rows directly up- slope. __(e)____ refers to more common, wider terraces navigated by tractor.
a) 55 hl/ht d) Vinhos as Alta
b) 65 hl/ht e) Patamares
c) 60%
To what ABV is a Port fortified during the winemaking process? What is the ABV of the aguardente?
Initial fortification: 19-22%
Aguardente abv: 77%
By what date must vintage Port be bottled?
July 30th of the third year after harvest.
LBV Port spends ___(a)_____ years in barrel prior to bottling. The term ‘Envelhecido in Garrafa’ indicates ___(b)_______ on a bottle of LBV Port.
Colheita Port is a ___(c)_____ which spends a minimum of ___(d)_____ years in cask.
a) 4-6 Years b) an additional minimum of 3 Years bottle ageing
c) vintage dated Tawny d) Seven
____a)_____ are Madeira wines which have made the return trip across the equator.
____b)____ are Madeira wines which have matured on the Island itself.
a) Vinhos Roda b) Vinhos Canteiro
On what two Islands can Madeira be produced? What is the IVBAM?
Madeira, Porto Santo. The IVBAM is the regulatory body which oversees Madeira wine production.
In what region does Justino Henriques make wine?
Madeira
What is a ‘partidista’ and in what region are they active?
Similar to the Almacenistas of Sherry, in Madeira.
In the Estufa, wines are heated to ________ Farenheit for a minimum of ______ months. Once the process is complete the wine must rest (estagio) for _____ days prior to transferring to cask. Estufagem wines may not be released for _____ years after the harvest.
a) 113-122 degress b)Three
c) 90 days d) two
What is ‘Armazens de Color ‘?
A more delicate variation of the Estufagem process, chiefly used by the Madeira Wine Company.
The Canteiro process mandates bottling after a minimum of ___(a)___ years of age, but most remain in cask for __(b)__ years or more.
a) Three b)Twenty
Define the minimum cask ageing for the following styles of Madeira:
Rainwater Seleccionado
Reserve Special Reserve
Extra Reserve
Rainwater: 3 years Seleccionado: 3-5 years
Reserve: 5-10 years Special Reserve: 10-15 years
Extra Reserve: 15-20 years
Colheita Madeira is made from a __(a)__ vintage and aged for a minimum of __(b)__ years prior to bottling.
a) single, dated b) five
Frasqueira Madeira is a __(a)__ Madeira aged for a minimum of __(b)___ years in cask.
a) vintage b)twenty
What % of Solera Madeira may be drawn off each year?
10%
What is he minimum abv for Madeira?
17%
If produced as a vintage DOP or IGP wines, Portuguese wines may carry the additional designation of ‘Garrafeira,’ indicating ______(a)_____. Red Garrafeira wines must ___(b)_______, including a minimum of __(c)__ in bottle. Branco and Rosado Garrafeira wines must __(d)_____, including a minimum of __(e)___ in bottle. Garrafeira Port, however, is different- following a few years’ ageing in barrels, the wine is aged for a minimum of __(f)_ years in ____(g)____.
a) additional ageing prior to release e) 6 months
b) age for 30 months f) Eight
c) 12 months in bottle g) Glass demijohns
d) age for 12 months
Still Portuguese wines are labeled Riserva must have ____(a)_____.
For Traditional method sparkling wines Riserva indicates _____(b)_____.
Colheita Seleccionada indicates ____(c)_________.
a) .5% more abv than designation
b) 12 months on lees prior to disgorgement
c) 1% more abv than designation
What grape is the primary component of Vihno Verde? Name four others:
a) Loureiro
b) Arinto, Avesso, Trajadura, Albarino
The Vinho Verde commune of ___(a)__ lies directly across the __(b)____ River from the Rias Baixas commune of __(c)____.
a) Moncao
b) Minho
c) Condado de Tea
List four casta used for the red and Rosado wines of Vinho Verde:
Vinhao (Teinturier), Espedeiro, Borraca, Alvarelhao.
List the sub regions of Vinho Verde from North to South:
Moncao y Melgaco-Lima-Cavado-Basto-Ave-Sousa-Amarante-Baiao-Paiva
What is the DOP region of the Transmontano IGP? What are its sub regions?
Tras-os-Montes DOP. The three non-contiguous sub regions are:
Chaves, Valpacos, Planalto Mirandes.
What are the DOP regions of the Duriense IGP?
Douro & Porto
What are the three sub-zones of Douro DOP? Describe them:
Baixo Corgo: Furthest West, highest density of planting
Cima Corgo: Highest total vineyard acreage
Douro Superior: Largest, arid, most sparsely planted sub region
What two mountain ranges are found in the Douro region?
Marao and Montemuro
What type of Moscatel is used for fortified Moscatel wines in the Douro?
Moscatel Galego
In Douro DOP, red reserva wines have a minimum abv of ___(a)___ and age for ___(b)____. White and Rosado wines have a minimum abv of __(c)_____ and age for __(d)____. Douro Reserva wines which score exceptionally well in blind tasting analysis can be labeled as ____(e)_______.
a) 12% b) One Year
c) 11.5% d) Six Months
e) Grande Reserva
What are the IGP’s of Beiras?
Terras de Beira, Terres de Cister, Terras de Dao, Beira Atlantico
The DOP’s of __(a)___ & __(b)____ and are found in the Terras de Dao IGP:
a) Dao b) Lafoes
List the seven sub region of Dao DOP:
Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Silgueiros, Terras de Azurara, Terras de Senhorim, Serra de Estrela.
What % of Dao DOP wines can be ‘experimental, non indigenous’ varietals?
40%
Dao Reserva whites must be aged for _(a)__ months, reds for __(b)__ months.
Dao Garrafeira whites must age for __(c)___, reds for _(d)__ months.
Dao Branco Nobre must contain a minimum of 15% _(a)__, achieve __(b)__ minimum abv and age for __(c)___ months prior to release. Nobre Reserva requires an additional __(d)__ abv, and Nobre Garrafeira designation is achieved with a total of __(e)__ abv and __(f)__ months ageing.
a) Encruzado b)11.5%
b) 12 months d) .5%
e) 12% f) 18 months
Dao Tinto Nobre must contain 15% ___(a)____, achieve ___(b)___ minimum abv, and age for _(c)__ months prior to release. With an additional __(d)__ abv and _(e)___ months ageing, reds achieve Nobre Reserva status. A total of __(f)__ abv and _(g)__ months ageing achieve Tinto Nobre Garrafeira designation.
a) Touriga Nacional b) 12%
c) 36 months d) .5%
e) 6 months f) 12.5%
g) 48 months
The DOP of _(a)__ is located in the Beira Atlantico IGP, with one sub zone: __(b)__:
a) Bairrada b)Terras de Sico
Bairrada DOP stipulates a minimum of 50% of the __(a)____ grape for red wines, which favors ___(b)____(______) soils. Bairrada classico is a designation reserved for wines which contain a majority of ___(c)______ and achieve and abv of ___(d)____.
a) Baga
b) Barros (Clay)
c) Indigenous varietals
d) 12.5%
The DOP of __(a)___, known for sparkling wine, is found in the Terras de Cister IGP:
a) Tavora Varosa
The DOP of __(a)___ is found in the Terras de Beira IGP. Name its subzones:
a) Beira Interior. Sub zones: Beira Castelo Rodrigo, Terra de Beira, Pinhel
List the DOP’s of Lisboa IGP:
Bucelas-Colares-Carcavelos-Arruda-Torres Vedras-Alenquer-Obidos-Lourinha-Encostas D’Aire
What is the majr varietal of Bucelas?
Arinto, minimum 75%
What are the major varietals of Colares? What are the soil types?
Ramisco & Malvasia @ 80%. Sand & the harder Chao Rija are major soil types.
Describe the wines of Carcavelos:
The wines are fermented dry, fortified to a minimum of 15% abv (and sweetened), aged in barrel for a minimum of two years and six months in bottle.
What are the two sub-regions of Encostas de Aire?
Ourem & Alcobaca
What is ‘Medieval de Ourem’, and it what region is it found?
White wine made from Fernao Pires & Trincadeira in Encostas D’Aire, Lisboa
What are the two DOP regions of the Peninsula de Setubal IGP?
Setubal & Palmela
Where are the Arrabida mountains?
Palmela DOP
Describe the wines of Setubal DOP:
Fortified Moscatel Gaelego and Roxo wines with minimum ABV of 16% and 18 months ageing prior to release.
List the sub-zones of DoTejo DOP:
Coruche, Chamusca, Cartaxo, Santarem, Tomar & Almeirim
List the sub-zones of Alentejo DOP:
Moura, Granja Amarela, Evora, Vidiguera, Reguengos, Redondo, Borba, Portalegre
What is the major topographical feature of Portalegre?
Sao Mamede Mountains
What are the DOP regions of Algarve IGP?
Lagos, Logoa, Portimao, Tavira
What are the DOP regions of the Azores?
Pico, Biscoitos, Graciosa
Pico & Biscoitos DOP wines are minimum __(a)___ abv, and are aged for a minimum of __(b)___ months in barrel.
a) 16% b) 36 months
