POPULATION ECOLOGY

Question 1

a constant for a population which represents the loss under ideal or non-limiting conditions

Answer 1

minimum mortality

Question 2

important population characteristic which influences both natality and mortality

Answer 2

population age distribution

Question 3

characteristic patterns of increase

Answer 3

population growth forms

Question 4

density increases rapidly in exponential or compound interest, stops abruptly as environmental resistance; no equilibrium

Answer 4

J-shaped growth form

Question 5

populations increases slowly at first, then more rapidly, but soon slows down gradually until a more or less equilibrium level is reached and maintained

Answer 5

S-shaped growth form

Question 6

geometric or exponential growth of all populations

Answer 6

population growth

Question 7

population is regulated by physical components (weather, water, currents, chemical limiting factors)

Answer 7

low diversity, physically stressed ecosystem

Question 8

population tend to be biologically controlled

Answer 8

high diversity ecosystems

Question 9

populations evolve through natural selection towards self regulation (since overpopulation id not in the best interests of any population)

Answer 9

in all ecosystems

Question 10

growth rate for a population under ideal conditions; theoretical value that would hold if shelter, food, and other resources were unlimited, and there were no predators and pathogens

Answer 10

biotic potential

Question 11

if the effect or action is independent of the size of the population (climate)

Answer 11

density-independent (density-legislative)

Question 12

if the effect on the population is a function of density (biotic-competition, pathogens, parasites)

Answer 12

density-dependent (density-governing)

Question 13

movement of individuals into or out of the population

Answer 13

population dispersal

Question 14

one way outward movement

Answer 14

emigration

Question 15

one way inward movement

Answer 15

immigration

Question 16

periodic departure and return

Answer 16

migration

Question 17

change in the population due to movements of individuals; caused by decrease and increase in number

Answer 17

population change

Question 18

atypical (unusual) in nature; indicates lack of interactions among individuals in the populations

Answer 18

random

Question 19

aggregation in certain areas; concentration of resources in small areas, irregular, non-random, commonest pattern

Answer 19

clumped

Question 20

almost equal spacing; result of competition and territoriality, may occur where competition between individuals are severe

Answer 20

uniform

Question 21

very common relationship between different species in which both species benefit from the interaction

Answer 21

Mutualism (obligate symbiosis)

Question 22

only one of the two species involved receives a benefit from the relationship

Answer 22

commensalism

Question 23

interaction between organisms where one organism, the parasite benefits at the expense of another organism, the host, which supplies resources

Answer 23

parasitism

Question 24

interaction of two organisms striving for the same thing

Answer 24

competition

Question 25

competition between two or more species populations

Answer 25

interspecific

Question 26

refers to the flow of energy between two organisms - predator and prey; prey loses energy and the predator gains energy

Answer 26

predation

Question 27

an animals eats a plant or plants

Answer 27

herbivory