PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

deals with how organisms survive in their environments, looks at extreme conditions

A

physiological ecology

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2
Q

focus of physiological ecology

A

temperature
water
energy
environmental stressor

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3
Q

body temperature can change over time over a wider range

A

ectothermic organism

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4
Q

cold-blooded; body temperature is the same as the environment and fluctuates with the environment

A

poikilothermic animals

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5
Q

point beyind which tolerance cannot be adjusted to further increase

A

absolute upper lethal limit

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6
Q

point beyond which no further decrease in temperature is tolerated

A

absolute lower lethal limit

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7
Q

maintain body temperature at a constant level irrespective of environmental temperature

A

homoiothermy

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8
Q

unique metabolic process on which plant growth depends

A

photosynthesis

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9
Q

inescapable physical consequence of the development of terrestrial vegetation

A

transpiration

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10
Q

movement of water depends on the existence of gradients of decreasing water potential

A

water potential

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11
Q

when cells are not fully turgid

A

water stress

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12
Q

when plants are transpiring at an appreciable rate

A

mild water stress

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13
Q

absorption of light energy by chlorophyll a and splitting of molecules of water

A

light reaction

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14
Q

carbon is fixed in a carbohydrate

A

dark reaction

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15
Q

shade tolerant species (shade-loving)

A

sciophyte

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16
Q

shade intolerant species (sun-loving)

A

heliophyte

17
Q

promotes the development of vegetative structures

A

diffused light

18
Q

favors the development of flowers, fruits, seeds

A

intense light

19
Q

supplementary pigment of red alga that enable them to utilize energy and live at greater depths

A

phycoerythrings

20
Q

environmental stressors

A

climate change
nutritional availability
disease
exposure to toxins

21
Q

response of an organism to day length

A

photoperiodism

22
Q

species that flower when the day are longer

A

long day plants

23
Q

flower only conditions of short days and long night

A

short day plants

24
Q

are not affected by day length

A

day neutral

25
Q

environmental stressors

A

climate change
nutritional variability
disease
exposure to toxins

26
Q

describes the patterns of population distribution and the factors affecting population growth and change

A

population ecology

27
Q

subset of individuals of one species that occupies a particular geographic area and, in sexually reproducing species, interbreeds

A

population

28
Q

probability of leaving descendants over long periods of time

A

persistence

29
Q

population size in relation to some unit of space; generally assayed and expressed as the number of individuals or the population biomass per unit area or volume

A

population density

30
Q

number or biomass per unit total space

A

crude density

31
Q

number or biomass per unit of habitat space

A

ecological density

32
Q

obtained by dividing the change by the period of time elapsed during change; rapidity with which something changes with time

A

population rate

33
Q

number of birth per year

A

birth rate

34
Q

inherent ability of a population to increase; production of new organisms ( born, hatched, germinated, arise by division )

A

natality

35
Q

theoretical maximum production of new individuals under ideal conditions; constant

A

maximum natality

36
Q

population increase under an actual or specific environmental conditions; not a constant for a population but may vary with the size and composition of the population

A

ecological or realized natality

37
Q

death of individuals in the population; death rate; number of individuals dying in a given period

A

mortality

38
Q

loss of individuals under a given environmental conditions

A

ecological or realized mortality