Population Dynamics Flashcards
Birth rate
Number of children born per 1000 of the population in a year
Death rate
Number of people who die per 1000 of the pop a year
Natural increase
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate
Give an example of natural increase
So if birth rate was 40 per 1000 and the death rate was 20 per 1000
The pop is increasing by 2% every year
Life expectancy
Average age at which people die in a population
Infant mortality
Number of children under the age of 1 who die per 1000 births in a year
Fertility rates
The number of children that women have in their lifetime
What is the demographic transition model?
Shows how changing birth rate and death rates affect the total pop of a country
Countries move from stage 1 - 5 as they develop economically and socially
No countries are in stage 1 anymore
Stage 1
Stable pop
Poor healthcare means high birth and death rate
Low pop
Pop fluctuates but stays relatively stable
Stage 2
Rapidly growing
Improvements in healthcare mean death rates will fall but BR remain high
Rapid pop increase
Stage 3
Growth begins to slow
Social and economic changes mean BR begins to fall
Rapid decline of DR
Pop increases but less rapidly
Stage 4
Slow pop growth
BR and DR balance
Pop is stable
Very slow increase
Stage 5
Declining population
Low fertility and very high life expectancy
BR falls below DR
Pop much higher than stage 1 however slowly decreasing
Why were there rapid improvements of health in stage 2?
Because of vaccinations, medicines and hospitals so DR fell
In stage 3, what happens as people are becoming wealthier?
People do not need as many children to help with farm work
Women also enter the workforce so will want to have fewer children
