population, development and cholera Flashcards
what are 6 reasons for birth rate being affected
forced marriages, farming, pension, infant mortality, inequality and religious belief
what are 6 reasons for death rate being affected
sanitation, health care, natural disasters, war, Debt, and forced child labour
what is birth rate
the number of live births per thousand of population per year
what is death rate
the ratio of deaths to the population of a particular area or during a particular period of time usually calculated as the number of deaths per one thousand people per year
what is infant mortality
the death o an infant before his/her first birthday per 1000
what is natural increase
the birth rate subtracted by the death rate of a particular population and is typically expressed either as a number per 1,000 or as a %
what is life expectancy
the average period that a person may expect to live
what are 4 physical factors that influence population distribution
climate, relief, soils and natural resources
what are 4 human factors that influence population distribution
communication, services, technological development and economic activities
how does climate influence population distribution
areas with temperate climates tend to be densely populated while areas with extreme cold or heat are less densely populated
how does relief influence population distribution
people prefer to live on flat land as it is easier to build houses, roads, farms and more
how do soils influence population distribution
rivers and valleys are usually thoroughly populated as the soil is fertile making it easier to grow crops out of
how do natural resources influence population distribution
most cities and towns are built near natural resources making it easy to go and get
how does communication influence population distribution
areas that have many roads, railways, airports and ports are more populated as it give more opportunities for employment and towns wich are route centres or ports gain population because of their good transport links
how do service influence population distribution
people will le in places where their are services like hospital, schools, shops, entertainment, banking, insurance, and finance and sports facilities
how does technological development influence population distribution
countries with advance technologies and well educated people can support high population sand give lots of job opportunities
how does economic development influence population distribution
jobs encourage people to move to find jobs and tourism can also attract to an area providing locals with jobs
what shape would a developed countries population pyramid be
an upside down pyramid
what shape would a developing countries population pyramid be
a pyramid
what is one example of a pro-natalist policy
japan in 2015 where residents of one of Tokyo’s wards would receive one-time payment of $1,700 per birth, another gives $940 for the first kid and ten times that much for the fourth
what is one example of an anti-natalist policy
in china they used to have to pay huge fines if they ad more than one child
what is the definition of the term development
Development is a branch of geography which refers to the standard of living and the quality of life of its human inhabitants
what are the 2 main economic indicators
gnp and gdp
what is gnp
The total value of all goods and services produced within a country divided by the number of people (per capita)
what is gdp
The total value of all goods and services produced within a country in a year, divided by the number of people (per capita)
what are the 2 main social indicators
adult literacy rate and access to safe water
what is adult literacy rate
What percentage of the adult population can read and write
what is access to safe water
What percentage of the population have access to a safe water supply
what are the problems faced with economic indicators
They are only an average figure and conceal differences that exist within a country or between urban and rural areas. When calculating GDP no account is taken of Subsistence Farming (farm to feed yourself) as this does not generate income, but is very important to the lives of millions of people in South East Asia. When considering GDP, no account is taken of what can be bought with that money. Can $1 actually buy more in India or in the UK? Economic Indicators do not tell us about the real quality of life including the health or standards of living for a population
what are the problems faced with social indicators
They are average figures and they conceal Geographical differences or inequalities. Adult Literacy may conceal gender differences in countries where educational enrolment is higher amongst boys. It is difficult to measure the quality of health care or education in a country
why is HDI better than normal social and economic indicators
because it uses both types of indicators
what is HDI
HDI uses Gross National Income per capita, years of schooling and life expectancy at birth to determine development where The best score is 1 and the poorest is 0
what are the causes of cholera
dinking contaminated water, vegetable grown using irrigation water, Raw or undercooked fish and seafood caught in water polluted with raw sewage, Food sold by street vendors that have been washed or prepared using contaminated water Unwashed hands can spread the Cholera between food stalls, War or natural disasters forcing many people into crowded areas without adequate sanitation, Flies can transfer the bacteria from contaminated areas to food that is then consumed.
what are the effects of cholera on people
stomach pains and extreme diarrhoea (up to 15-20 litres per day), dehydration and kidney failure leading to death (50% untreated cases are fatal
what are the effect of cholera on a country
cholera can negatively impact the tourism sector and subsequent loss o income, money is spent on treating to keep populations healthy less money is available to spend on development in other areas, Countries face economic losses from the lost productivity of ill people and the family members caring for sick relativesw
