Poppy Family (Papaveraceae) Flashcards
The poppy family has how many stamens and pistils?
many stamens and 1 pistil
The Opium poppy has what type of fruit shape?
capsule
What does the Opium poppy fruit produce?
opium
What can opium be used for?
laudanum, morphine, heroin
What is laudanum used for?
an opium in alcohol and common pain reliever
What is morphine used for?
a common pain reliever
How is heroin made?
morphine + 2 acetyl groups
Where is opium grown?
Middle Eastern India
What was the first opium war about?
China tried stopping British from importing opium into China and they lost Hong Kong to B. forces (1839 to 1842)
What was the second opium war about?
China tried to stop British from importing opium (1865) and lost
How are poppies planted in TN?
along interstates
What is the family for cannabis?
Cannabaceae
What is the scientific name for cannabis?
Cannabis sativa
Where is cannabis from?
Asia
What are the varieties/subspecies of cannabis?
marijuana and hemp
What type of trichomes does marijuana have?
glandular
What does marijuana contain (that’s addictive)?
THC (tetrahydrocannabis)
What can THC be turned into?
if it’s dried, it turns into hash
What can THC do (besides being addictive)?
kill bacteria/fungi and treat glaucoma
Where is the highest THC concentration?
in the female flowers
T or F. Can marijuana be both genders?
No, they will be either be female OR male only
What does hemp look like?
taller, thinner shoot w/ leaves near the top
What can hemp be used for?
fibers used for ropes
Does hemp have THC?
No, but it does has CBD
What is the scientific name of the Coco family?
Erythroxylacaceae
Where is the Coco plant native to?
South America
What do Coco leaves contain?
cocaine
What does cocaine do?
enhances dopamine sensitivity
How can people obtain cocaine from the Coca plant?
chewing leaves (Incas) or by using organic solvents
What is the scientific name of the sunflower family?
Asteraceae
Members of the Asteraceae family are called what?
Asters
What do Aster inflorescences look like, single or multiple?
single flowers
The flowers of aster inflorescence are called?
florets
What are the two types of Aster florets?
ray florets and disc florets
Where are the ray florets?
on the edge
What are the ray florets a portion of?
extended portion of the corolla with fused petals
What gender can sunflower plants be?
both pistils and stamens, a pistil or stamen only, none
What does monoecious mean?
plant has both reproductive parts and only 1 plant is needed to reproduce
What does dioecious mean?
plant has differing reproductive parts and needs another plant (2 in total) in order to reproduce
Where are the disc florets?
in the center
Are disc florets mono or dio?
monoecious
Where are sunflowers native to?
the Americas
What other main three are in the Aster family?
daisies, chrysanthemums, and dandelions
What florets do chrysanthemums have?
many rays, few discs
What is the scientific name of Dandelions?
Toraxucum
What florets do dandelions have?
only rays
Are dandelions mono or dio?
monoecious
What are dandelion bristles actually?
modified sepals attached to the ovary
Do dandelions have fruit?
yes, they are very tiny elongated ovaries with bristles on top
How do dandelion leaves look?
whorled at plant base
What is a dandelion’s leaf arrangement called?
a rosette
Are dandelions edible?
yes, as very young plants
What type of roots do dandelions have?
contractile
What are dandelion roots made of?
specialized parenchyma
What type of flowers are in the Solanceae family?
flowers w/ fused petals and stamens to the corolla
What are some examples of the Solanceae family?
petunias, tomatoes, potatoes
Are Solanceae plants poisonous?
yes (nightshade solanum)
What is the scientific name for tobacco?
Nicotiana tobacum
How was tobacco shared in history?
Native Americans to Columbus, Columbus to Europe
How’s tobacco in American history?
the most important crop and first export crop
How is tobacco made?
dried in barns using fire (turns into chewing tobacco)
