Evolution Flashcards
Evolution is the change in what?
Genetic composition
Species can successfully do what?
Interbreed
Who first described natural selection ?
Darwin
What is natural selection the process of?
Individuals best suited to survive reproduce
What does natural selection alter?
Genes
What is adaptation?
Increased ability of a population to reproduce in a specific area
What is the definition of a mutation?
The change of nucleotide sequences
Where do mutations occur most?
Meiosis/mitosis
The variation upon which natural selection acts is what?
Mutations
Beneficial mutations normally come from?
Chance
What is speciation?
When a population becomes reproductively isolated
What is sympatric speciation?
Occurs without physical separation
Polyploid gametes occur due to a lack of what?
Cytokinesis between replicated chromosomes
What is non-disjunction?
Replicated chromosomes fail to be pulled apart
Non-disjunction produces how many gametes?
+ or - expected amount of chromosomes
How does polyploidy occur?
It’s the result of non-disjunction during meiosis
How many zygotes does polyploidy produce?
4n (2n egg + 2n sperm)
Are polyploidy plants larger or smaller than normal plants?
Larger
Can polyploidy plants interbreed with other plants?
No, they can only breed with each other
Are polyploidy plants uncommon?
No, most plants are, especially crops
If a plant has a mutation that delays flowering, what happens between them and the parent?
No interbreeding
What is allopatric speciation?
When species are physically isolated from each other
