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Botanical Diversity > Fruit > Flashcards

Fruit Flashcards

1
Q

Fruit is defined as a what?

A

a structure with a mature pistil and seeds

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2
Q

What fruit is from 1 pistil of 1 flower?

A

simple fruit

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3
Q

What is the pericarp of a fruit?

A

the fruit wall

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4
Q

What is the outermost layer of the pericarp?

A

the exocarp

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5
Q

What is the middle layer of the pericarp?

A

the mesocarp

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6
Q

What is the inner layer of the pericarp?

A

the endocarp

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7
Q

How many types of fleshy fruits are there?

A

three

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8
Q

What is a drupe?

A

a fleshy fruit with a pit

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9
Q

What are some examples of a drupe?

A

peaches, olives, coconuts

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10
Q

What type of pericarp does a coconut husk have?

A

thin exocarp, thick mesocarp

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11
Q

What is a berry?

A

a fleshy fruit with many seeds

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12
Q

What are some examples of a berry?

A

peppers, tomatoes, grapes, bananas

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13
Q

What is a berry’s pericarp like?

A

thin exocarp, fleshy mesocarp, watery endocarp,

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14
Q

Seedless bananas come from where?

A

a mutant tree in Jamaica

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15
Q

How are bananas propagated?

A

cuttings

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16
Q

What berry has a thick exocarp?

A

bananas

17
Q

What berries have hard exocarps?

A

watermelons, pumpkins, squash

18
Q

What berries have leathery exocarp?

A

citrus

19
Q

What is a pome?

A

a fleshy fruit where the lower portion of the receptacle expands and surrounds the pistil (edible over core)

20
Q

What is dry fruit?

A

fruit when the pericarp is dry at maturity

21
Q

What does dehiscent mean?

A

the fruit splits open when ripe

22
Q

How many types of dehiscent fruit are there?

A

three

23
Q

What is a follicle and example?

A

dry fruit that opens along 1 seam; milkweed

24
Q

What is a legume and example?

A

dry fruit that opens along 2 seams; beans and peanuts

25
Q

What is a capsule and example?

A

dry fruit that opens along 3 seams; okra

26
Q

What does indehiscent mean?

A

fruit that does not split open when ripe

27
Q

How many types of indehiscent fruit are there?

A

two

28
Q

What are achenes?

A

the base of the seeds is fused to the endocarp

29
Q

What is an example of achenes?

A

sunflower seeds

30
Q

What is a samara?

A

the carpels of a pistil expand into wings

31
Q

What is an example of samaras?

A

maple tree helicopters

32
Q

What are the fruits from 1+ pistils and/or 1+ flowers?

A

aggregate and multiple fruits

33
Q

What is aggregate fruit and example?

A

fruit from many pistils of 1 flower; blackberries and strawberries

34
Q

Blackberry extract can cure what?

A

dysentery

35
Q

What is multiple fruit and example?

A

fruit from pistils of multiple flowers; pineapple

Botanical Diversity (9 decks)

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