Polymers of Carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a polysaccharide?

A

many monosaccharides joined together (through condensation)

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2
Q

What is saccharide and ose?

A

carbohydrates and sugars

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3
Q

What are the four polymers of carbohydrates?

A

cellulose

starch - amylose and amylopectin

glycogen

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4
Q

What is cellulose?

A
  • plant cell wall
  • made from beta glucose
  • has glycosidic bonds
  • unbranched / straight chain
  • it is strong - provides structure for plant cell walls
  • insoluble
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5
Q

What is amylose in starch?

A
  • plants - glucose / energy storage
  • made from alpha glucose
  • has glycosidic bonds
  • unbranched + coiled - compact storage of glucose
  • insoluble - doesn’t affect the water potential and has no effect on osmosis
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6
Q

What is amylopectin in starch?

A
  • made from alpha glucose
  • has glycosidic bonds
  • branched - increases the surface area so it can be hydrolysed more quickly
  • insoluble - so has no effect on the water potential and no effect on osmosis
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7
Q

What is glycogen?

A
  • glucose / energy storage
  • made from alpha glucose
  • has glycosidic bonds
  • very branched - bigger surfaace area, and faster hydrolysis
  • insoluble - no effect on water potential or on osmosis
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