polymers

Question 1

what happens when dicarboxylic acids and diols react together

Answer 1

they form esters, adjacent polymers are held together by permennant dipole-spiole sue to presence of polar carbonyl group

Question 2

what is polyester terylene used for

Answer 2

formed from monomers terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol used in plastics

Question 3

what happens when dicarboxylic acid and diamines

Answer 3

form polyamides, adjacent polymaides strands are held together by hydrogen bonds, nylon is a polyamide used in textiles. the kevlar is a polyamide used in bullet and stab proof vests

Question 4

chemical properties of polyalkenes

Answer 4

they are chemically inert and non biodegradable due to the non polar saturated c-c bonds

Question 5

how can polyester and polyamide be broken down

Answer 5

by hydrolysis

Question 6

why can condensation polymers undergo hydrolysis

Answer 6

due to non polar c=o bonds that makes them susceptible to attacks by nucleophiles making them biodegradable

Question 7

advantage of recycling

Answer 7

saves diminishing crude oil resources, energy input to refining oil not needed, plastics does not end up in landfill

Question 8

what are landfills

Answer 8

are cheap and easy to use but can damage the wildlife, use large areas of land, the methane will be released leasing to global warming and leaks will contaminate the water supplies

Question 9

disadvantages of recycling

Answer 9

plastic must be collected cleaned and transported then stored which is expensive and requires both time and energy, this concerns quality of products

Question 10

what is incineration

Answer 10

the heat used in incinerator can be used to generate electricity but it will increase level of co2 in the atmosphere, incomplete combustion can lead to toxic carbon monoxide or unburnt carbon and other gases being released