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CHEM > Polymers > Flashcards

Polymers Flashcards

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1
Q

Example of a natural polymer

A

Spider silk

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2
Q

Example of synthetic polymer

A

kevlar

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3
Q

chemical compound that is in the form of long, repeating chains.

A

polymer

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4
Q

True or false: A polymer can easily contain thousands of atoms, and have a molar mass of more than 1,000,000 g/mol

A

True

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5
Q

small molecules used to synthesize polymers.

A

Monomers

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5
Q

Traced back to its Greek origins, the word polymer literally means

A

“may parts”

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6
Q

These are routinely used as structural materials for things like computer cases and casual furniture.

A

Hard and Durable Plastics

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6
Q

It is the starting material for many plastics, pharmaceuticals, fabrics, and other carbon-based products.

A

Crude oil

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6
Q

polymers those derived from plants and animals

A

Natural Polymers

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6
Q

can be formed from one monomer, or from a combination of two or more different monomers.

A

Polymers

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6
Q

Imagine that future historians might label the late 20th century and early 21st century as the _

A

Polymer Age

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7
Q

give us sandwich bags and Saran wrap.

A

Soft and Flexible Plastics

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7
Q

Classifications of Polyethylene

A

Low Density (LDPE)
High Density (HDPE)

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7
Q

These products can be reused, but may not always be recycled

A

LDPE

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7
Q

these are found in our carpets and clothing.

A

Nylon and Rayon

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8
Q

These materials include wood, rubber, cotton, wool, leather, and silk.

A

Natural Polymers

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8
Q

2 types of polymers

A

Natural
Synthetic

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9
Q

used to make many different types of plastic bottles, toys, stiff or “crinkly” plastic bags, and heavy-duty pipes

A

HDPE

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9
Q

found in many packaging materials, including plastic bags, milk jugs, detergent containers, and “bubble wrap”.

A

Polyethylene

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9
Q

used to create materials with properties ideal for different applications.

A

Synthetic Polymers

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10
Q

Classification of Polyethylene: the plastic bags dispensed in
supermarkets

A

Low Density (LDPE)

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10
Q

a hard plastic with little flexibility.

A

Polystyrene

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11
Q

exhibits a highly ordered molecular structure and has a slightly higher density, greater rigidity, more strength, and a higher melting point

A

HDPE

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12
Q

a polymer made up of repeating molecules called styrene.

A

Polystyrene (poly-phenylethene)

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12
Q

Example of polystyrene products

A
  • Transparent DVD cases
  • clear-plastic party glasses
  • plates
  • computers and phone exteriors
13
Q

What are the 4Rs?

A

Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Recover

13
Q

Properties of Polystyrene

A
  • thermoplastic
  • electrical insulator
  • resistant to acids and bases
13
Q

means not disposing of it after a single use.

A

Reuse

14
Q

a substance used to bond together the surfaces of two solid materials (adherends

A

Adhesive

14
Q

Functions of coatings:

A
  • to prevent corrosion or deterioration
  • item’s appearance
  • electrical insulation
15
Q

plastic materials that contain a relatively high volume percentage of small pores and trapped gas bubbles.

A

Foams

15
Q

Examples of natural adhesives

A
  • animal glue
  • casein
  • starch
  • rosin
16
Q

Foreign substances that are intentionally introduced to enhance or modify polymer properties.

A

Polymer Additives

17
Q

most often added to polymers to improve tensile and compressive strengths, abrasion resistance, toughness, dimensional and thermal stability

A

Filler Materials

17
Q

the process by which monomers are covalently bonded to form a polymer chain or network.

A

polymer synthesis or polymerization

17
Q

Polymers that contain fillers may also be classified as

A

Composite materials

18
Q

Geometric Classifications of Fillers

A

Novel-Shaped Fillers
Particulate Fillers
Layered Fillers
Fibrous Fillers

19
Q

The flexibility, ductility, and toughness of polymers may be improved with the aid of additives called ____

A

Platicizers

20
Q

These produces reductions in hardness and stiffness

A

Plasticizers

20
Q

These are generally liquids with low vapor pressures and low molecular weights.

A

Plasticizers

21
Q

These are commonly used in polymers that are intrinsically brittle at room temperature, such as poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

A

Plasticizers

22
Q

Additives that counteract deteriorative processes

A

Stabilizer Additives

23
Q

These impart a specific color to a polymer; they may be added in the form of dyes or pigments.

A

Colorants

23
Q

The flammability resistance of the remaining combustible polymers may be enhanced by ___

A

Flame Retardants

24
Q

These interfere with the combustion process through the gas phase or by initiating a different combustion reaction

A

Flame Retardants

24
Q

5 Common Polymer Additives

A
  1. Fillers
  2. Plasticizers
  3. Stabilizer
  4. Colorants
  5. Flame Retardants
25
Q

Plastic Resin Identification Codes

A
  1. Polyethylene Terepthalate (PETE)
  2. High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
  3. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
  4. Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)
  5. Polypropylene (PP)
  6. Polystyrene (PS)
  7. Other
25
Q

Plastic Resin that involves cleaning supply jugs, pool liners, twine, sheeting,
automotive product bottles, sheeting

A

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

26
Q

Forming Techniques for Plastics

A
  1. Compression and Transfer Molding
  2. Injection Molding
  3. Extrusion
  4. Blow Molding
  5. Casting
26
Q

Plastic Resin that involves bread bags, paper towels & tissue overwrap, squeeze bottles, trash bags
six-pack rings

A

Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)

27
Q

Plastic Resin that involves milk jugs, detergent & shampoo bottles, flower pots, grocery bags

A

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

27
Q

Plastic resin that involves yogurt tubs, cup: juice bottles, straws, hangers,
sand & shipping bags

A

Polypropylene (PP)

27
Q

Plastic Resin that involves soda & water bottles; cups, jars, trays, clamshells

A

Polyethylene Terepthalate (PETE)

28
Q

most widely used technique for fabricating thermoplastic materials.

A

injection molding

29
Q

Plastic resin that involves to-go containers & flatware, hot cups, razors, CD cases, shipping cushion, cartons, trays

A

Polystyrene (PS)

29
Q

Plastic Resin that involves polycarbonate, nylon, ABS, acrylic, PLA; bottles, safety glasses, CDs, headlight lenses.

A

Other

29
Q

In this process, the appropriate amounts of thoroughly mixed polymer and necessary additives are placed between mold members

A

Compression molding

30
Q

In this process, the correct amount of pelletized material is fed from a feed hopper into a cylinder by the motion of a plunger or ram. As a result, the thermoplastic material melts to form a viscous liquid.

A

Injection molding

31
Q

the molding of a viscous thermoplastic under pressure through an open-ended die

A

Extrusion

32
Q

In this process, a mechanical screw or auger propels the pelletized material through a chamber, where it is successively compacted, melted, and formed into a continuous charge of viscous fluid.

A

Extrusion

33
Q

It is similar to that used for blowing glass bottles.

A

Blow molding

34
Q

This is a process where a molten plastic material is poured into a mold and allowed to solidify.

A

Casting

CHEM (6 decks)

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