Nanotechnology Flashcards
the manipulation of matter on a near-atomic scale to produce new structures, materials and
devices.
nanotechnology
it means one billionth
nano
a multidisciplinary field of science, engineering, and technology that deals with the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale, typically involving structures, devices, or systems with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers (nm).
Nanotechnology
materials where the sizes of the individual building blocks are less than 100 nm, at least in one dimension.
nanomaterials
involves the breaking down of the bulk material into
nanosized structures or particles.
Top-down approach
inherently simpler and depend either on removal or division of bulk material processes to produce the desired structure with appropriate properties.
Top-down approach
extension of those that have been used for producing micron sized particles.
Top-down synthesis techniques
Biggest problem of top-down approach
imperfection of surface structure
refers to the build up of a material from the bottom: atom-by-atom, molecule-by-molecule, or cluster-by cluster
Bottom-up approach
used as the building blocks to produce nanoparticles, nanotubes, or nanorods, or thin films or layered structures.
Atoms/Molecules
Many of these techniques are still under development or are just beginning to be used for
commercial production of nanopowders.
Bottom-up approach
three basic types of nanocomposite.
zero-dimensional
one-dimensional
two-dimensional
consists of nanotubes or nanorods distributed in a second matrix.
one-dimensional nanocomposite
built from stacks of thin films made of two or more different materials.
Two-dimensional nanocomposite
this type of composite is generally made via a self-organization processes.
Perfectly ordered zero-dimensional nanocomposite;
type of nanocomposite where the individual particles do not touch each other.
zero-dimensional nanocomposite
used for reinforcement or to introduce electric conductivity to the polymer.
nanotubes/nanorods
Such materials may have good electrical conductivity and high tensile strength.
composite fibers (carbon nanotubes)
nanotubes that are most well-known and have excellent mechanical, electrical, and
thermal properties.
carbon nanotubes
carbon nanotubes ,uses
- materials science
- electronics
- space elevators
These are extremely thin wires with diameters in the nanoscale range.
Nanowires
Applications of Nanowires
- electronics
- photonics
- sensors and transistors
These materials have nanoscale pores or voids in their structure.
Nanoporous materials
Uses of Nanoporous materials
- gas storage
- catalysis,
- filtration.
