Polymerisation Flashcards

1
Q

what is a polymer ?

A

long chain molecules made from joining together many monomers

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2
Q

how does an addition polymer differ from a condensation polymer ?

A

addition polymers do not produce anthing else while condensation plymers form other small molecules

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3
Q

what monomers are used to make addition polymers

A

alkenes

molecules with C=C

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4
Q

what monomers are used to make condensation polymers

A
  • dicarboxylic acids with diols
  • dicarboxylic acids with diamines
  • amino acids
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5
Q

examples of addition polymers

A
  • poly(ethene)
  • PVC
  • poly (propene)
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6
Q

examples of condensation polymers

A
  • polyesters (e.g. terylene)
  • polyamides (e.g. nylon, Kevlar)
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7
Q

how biodegrabable are addition polymers ?

A

non-biodegradable (due to absence of polar bonds in the main chain (all bonds are C-C)

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8
Q

how biodegrabable are condensation polymers ?

A

biodegradable (due to the presence of polar C-N or C-O bonds in the main chain)

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9
Q

what are the types of condensation polymers ?

A
  • polyamide
  • polyester
  • polypeptide
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10
Q

what is a polyamide and how is it formed ?

A

If a dicarboxylic acid reacts with a diamine, a polymer called a polyamide is formed and water is released.

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11
Q

What forces arise within the amine link of a polyamide ?

A
  • have hydrogen bonding
  • polar bonds which makes them more reactive
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12
Q

What forces arise within the ester link of a polyester ?

A
  • permanent dipole-dipole attractions between the polymer chains due to the presence of a C=O polar bonds
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13
Q

How can condensation polymers be broken down ?

A
  • Hydrolysis
  • Condensation polymers can be broken down back into the constituent molecules by the addition of H2O.
  • This is because water is attracted to the polar regions of the polymer meaning the links can be broken down.
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14
Q

How useful are condensation polymers and what are some uses ?

A
  • Condensation polymers contain polar bonds such as those in the ester and amide links.
  • Hydrogen bonding and dipoles can also form between separate polymer chains, holding them together in a strong structure.
  • This makes the polymers very useful for things such as bulletproof vests and heat protective materials.
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15
Q
A
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