Political Science Flashcards
monarch rules unhindered (w/o any laws, constitution, or legally organized opposition)
Absolute Monarchy
lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of governmental authority.
Anarchy
state plans and controls the economy and a single party holds power;
state controls are imposed w elimination of private ownership of property or capital while claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people (classless society)
Communist
monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom.
Constitutional Monarch
supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible for them;
centralized, unitary.
Democratic Republic
supreme power is in the hands of an emir (ruler of Muslim state).
emir may be an absolute overlord or sovereign w/ constitutionally limited authority.
similar to monarchy or sultanate
Emirate
powers of the central government are restricted.
component parts (states, colonies, provinces) retain a degree of self-government.
ultimate sovereign power rests within the voters who chose their governmental reps.
Federal Republic
members of an executive branch are nominated to their positions by a legislature or parliament.
Parliamentary Government
state is headed by a monarch who is not actively involved in policy formation or implementation.
example: Great Britain - monarch is for ceremonials only not for making laws
Parliamentary Monarchy
supreme power is in the hands of a sultan (head of a Muslin state).
sultan may be an absolute ruler or sovereign w/ constitutionally limited authority.
Sultanate
state involves itself in all facets of society including the daily life of citizens.
control not only all economic and political matters but the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population, erasing the distinction between the state and society.
no freedom of individuals.
Totalitarian
system of social control under w/c the right to make laws and right to enforce them is vested in a particular group in society.
Government
requirement that legal matter be resolved according to established rules and principles and that individuals be treated fairly.
applies to both civil and criminal matters.
Due process
fundamental principles of government.
either implied in its laws, institutions and customs, or embodies in one fundamental document or in several.
Constititution
representative democracy w/ power divided among 3 separate and independent branches of gov’t: Executive, Legislature, Judiciary
The 1987 Philippine Constitution
remedy available to any person whose right to life, liberty, and security is violated or threatened by unlawful act or omission of a public official or employee, or of private individual or entity.
cover extralegal killings and enforced disappearances or threats thereof.
Writ of Amparo
used to bring a prisoner or other detainee (institutionalized mental patient) before the court to determine if the person’s imprisonment or detention is unlawful.
Writ of Habeas Corpus
remedy available to any person whose right to life, liberty, and security is violated or threatened by an unlawful act of any official or employee or of a private entity engaged in gathering, collecting, or storing data or info.
a person can compel the release of info, or to update, rectify, suppress, or destroy database, information or files in the control of the respondents in a petition.
Writ of Habeas Data
legal remedy under Philippine law for purpose whose constitutional right to a balanced and healthful ecology is violated by an unlawful act or omission of a public official, employee, or private individual or entity.
Writ of Kalikasan
power of the state to regulate liberty and property for the promotion of the general welfare.
Police Power
power which enables the state to acquire private property, upon payment of just compensation, for some intended public use.
Power of Eminent Domain
power to impose burdens or charges upon persons, property, or property rights for the use and support of the government to be able to discharge its functions.
Power of Taxation
